Causes And Results

Question 1

Establish the cause

Answer 1

علت چیزی را یافتن

It is out job to establish the cause of the fire.

Question 2

Root cause

Answer 2

دلیل اصلی

The cost of the project was enormous, but it was not the root cause of its failure.

Question 3

Cause of

Answer 3

Cancer is the leading cause of death for Americans in their forties.

Question 4

Knock-on effect

Answer 4

اثر غیرمستقیم

This morning’s delays to flights have had a knock-on effect on departures all day.

Question 5

Ill effect

Answer 5

اثر بد

Many people are expected to suffer the ill effects of the rise in interest rates.

Question 6

Breed

Answer 6

To cause a particular feeling or condition

Poor living conditions breed violence and resentment.
شرایط بد زندگی سبب ایجاد خشونت و رنجش می شود.

Question 7

Spell trouble/disaster/danger

Answer 7

If a situation or action spells trouble, it makes you expect trouble
به وجود آوردن مشکل

The lack of rain could spell disaster for farmers.

The strike could spell disaster for the country.

Question 8

Compelling reason

Answer 8

دلیل متقاعدکننده

Lucy had no compelling reason to go into town.

There must have been some compelling reason for his bad behavior.

Question 9

Dire consequences

Answer 9

Extremely serious or terrible
نتایج جدی

Warnings of dire consequences that often don’t come true.

The government must have known there would be dire consequences.

Question 10

Contributing factor

Answer 10

A factor that helps to make something happen
عامل اثربخش

Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.

His parent’s financial problems might be a contributing factor but he refused to give me a reason.

Question 11

Havoc

Answer 11

شرایط پرخسارت و نامنظم

Rain has continued to play havoc with sporting events.
باران همچنان رویدادهای ورزشی را به هم ریخته است.

The new policies will wreak havoc on the country’s economy.
سیاست های حدید خسارت های جدی بر اقتصاد کشور خواهند گذاست.

Question 12

Bring about

Answer 12

To make something happen, especially a change or an improved situation

The war brought about enormous social change.

So far, all attempts to bring about peace have failed.

Question 13

Give rise to

Answer 13

Used when an event, action etc makes a feeling or problem start to exist

Poor performance in exams can give rise to depression and even thoughts of suicide.

Drinking unfiltered water can give rise to health problems.

Question 14

Trigger

Answer 14

To make something suddenly start to happen, especially a bad situation such as a crisis or a war, or a medical condition

Certain foods can trigger allergies.

If oil prices keep rising, this could trigger on economic crisis.

Question 15

Result from

Answer 15

These conditions results from a combination of economic and social factors.

Question 16

Arise from

Answer 16

If a problem or a serious situation arises from something, it starts to happen because of it
نتیجه شدن از

A number of problems arose from the break-up of the former Soviet Union.

People are now much more aware of the dangers arising from dust.

Question 17

Stem from

Answer 17

His emotional problems stemmed from an unhappy childhood.

The present difficulties stem from recession and the collapse of the housing market.

Question 18

Be a factor

Answer 18

عامل چیزی بودن
Public pressure against nuclear power was definitely a factor in their decision.

The parent’s influence is a major factor in a child’s progress at school.

Question 19

Contribute to

Answer 19

باعث شدن

Methane gas is known to contribute to the greenhouse effect.

Television often gets blamed for contributing to the decline of family life.

Passive smoking could contribute to the development of respiratory disease among nonsmokers.

Question 20

Source

Answer 20

Housework can become a major source of conflict between couples.

Further study was necessary to identify the source of the infection.

Question 21

Root

Answer 21

They failed to get the root of the problem.
آنها نتوانستند ریشه مشکل را بیابند.

Bad experiences in childhood lie at the root of many psychological disorders.

Question 22

On the grounds that

Answer 22

Because

We oppose the bill, on the grounds that it discriminates against women.
ما با لایحه مخالفت می کنیم زیرا بر ضد زنان تبعیض قائل می شود.

Zoe was awarded compensation on the grounds that the doctor had been negligent.

(Was awarded compensation غرامت دریافت کرد)

Question 23

Ensue

Answer 23

To happen after or as a result of something
به خاطر چیزی رخ دادن
Problems that ensue from food and medical shortages

When police told them to leave, an argument ensued.

Question 24

Prompt somebody to do something

Answer 24

To make someone decide to do something

What prompted you to buy that suit?

It was reading his book that prompted me to write to him.

Question 25

On account of

Answer 25

Because of something else

She was told to wear flat shoes, on account of her back problem.

Games are often canceled on account of rain.

Question 26

Owing to

Answer 26

Because of something

Owing to a lack of funds, the project will not continue next year.

Flight BA213 has been delayed owing to fog.

Question 27

So as to

Answer 27

In order to do something

I drove at a steady 50 mph so as to save fuel.

We went along silently on tiptoe so as not to disturb anyone.

Question 28

With the aim of doing something

Answer 28

With the hope to achieve something

A campaign with the aim of helping victims of crime

The center does research with the aim of improving the lives of poor Americans.

Question 29

In order to

Answer 29

In order to understand how the human body works, you need to have some knowledge of chemistry.

Samuel trained every day in order to improve his performance.

Question 30

Motive

Answer 30

انگیزه پنهان

What do you suppose the killer’s motive was?

The police believe the motive for this murder was jealousy.

The motives behind the decision remain obscure.

Question 31

Due to

Answer 31

The court ruled that the crash was due to pilot error.

She has been absent from work due to illness.

Attendance at the meeting was small, due in part to the absence of teachers.

(Due in part to تاحدودی به خاطر)

Question 32

Consequence of

Answer 32

Many believe that poverty is a direct consequence of overpopulation.

The economic consequences of their decision are enormous.

Question 33

Thanks to

Answer 33

Because of someone or something good

We’ve reached our goal of $50,000, thanks to the generosity of the public.

Some ski resorts opened early, thanks to a late-October snowstorm.