MedGems Micro

Question 1

What condition is a fetus at risk of if its mother is infected by Parvovirus B19?

Answer 1

Hydrops fetalis

Question 2

What is the recommended antibiotic prophylaxis for bites by either cat, dog or human in a patient with no known allergies?

Answer 2

Co-amoxiclav

Question 3

A heavily pregnant (34+3) lady is newly diagnosed with HIV. Her viral load is 2,000 copies per mL of blood.

What medication could be given intrapartum to reduce the likelihood that her child will be infected by HIV?

Answer 3

Zidovudine

Question 4

What fungal antigen may be detected in blood samples in a patient with invasive aspergillosis?

Answer 4

Galactomannan

Question 5

Lancefield grouping is used to classify what pathogenic organism?

Answer 5

streptococci

Question 6

How is Q fever typically diagnosed?

Answer 6

Serology

Question 7

What viral protein is responsible for the virulence and tropism of SARS-CoV-2?

Answer 7

Spike protien

Question 8

What is the treatment for human tapeworms in adults?

Answer 8

Praziquantel

Question 9

Donor products must be screened fro HIV, Hep B, Hep C, and ?

Answer 9

CMV

Question 10

What is the host protein required for entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human cells?

Answer 10

ACE 2

Question 11

What is the full scientific name of the organism responsible for Q Fever?

Answer 11

Coxiella burnetti

Question 12

The respiratory consultant suspects Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis.

What is an appropriate histological stain to use on this sputum sample to identify the responsible organism?

Answer 12

Methenamine Silver Stain

Question 13

What family of virus does dengue virus belong to?

Answer 13

Flaviviridae

Question 14

What is the scientific name of the beef tapeworm?

Answer 14

Taenia saginata

Question 15

A 18 year old man reports significant discolouring of one of his great toenails with associated onycholysis of that nail. There is a small amount of nail pitting visible also. No other nails are affected.

You decide to send the sample for culture but wish for a quicker result in the meantime.

What test would be appropriate to order to determine if treatment is needed?

Answer 15

Potassium Hydroxide test

Question 16

A 60 year old farmer presents to the emergency department feeling unwell with what he thinks is the flu. He said there was a sudden onset 4 days ago of chills, severe muscle aches and abdominal pain.

Today he is visibly jaundiced and is complaining of muscle pains. He says that he has a headache behind his eyes. He is mildly photophobic. There is a subconjunctival haemorrhage in the right eye.

You take a full history and find he has long standing arthritis of his knees but no other medical history of note. He has a fever of 38.5C and an ECG is normal. His observations are otherwise within normal limits.

Of note, you receive the following U&Es for this patient.

Na+ 138mmol/L
K+ 5.0mmol/L
Urea 12mmol/L
Creatinine 154umol/L

What condition is responsible for this patient’s current symptoms?

Answer 16

Leptosipirosis

Leptospirosis is the best answer because the patient is a farmer, has symptoms of flu-like illness with jaundice, muscle pains, headache, and subconjunctival hemorrhage, and has abnormal U&Es. These are all consistent with the diagnosis of leptospirosis, which is a bacterial infection commonly seen in farmers and can cause liver and kidney damage.

Q fever is a possible differential, but typically presents with respiratory symptoms first (being an inhalational bacteria) rather than other symptoms.

Question 17

What blood test should be ordered before starting terbinafine, a systemic antifungal?

Answer 17

LFTs

Question 18

Give an example of a non-antibiotic medication that increases the risk of C difficile infection

Answer 18

Proton Pump Inhibitors