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Aaska's path > MEDGEMS > Flashcards

MEDGEMS Flashcards

1
Q

how to differentiate between haemophilia and vWD

A

haemophilia wont affect bleeding time

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2
Q

reversal agent for rivaroxiban

A

adenexat alpha

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3
Q

what condition is associated with a megakaryocyte infiltration into the bone marrow

A

essential thrombycytosis

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4
Q

what inherited condition, after cystic fibrosis, is the most common cause of pancreatic exocrine dysfunction in children

A

shwachmann diamond syndrome

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5
Q

G6PD inheritance

A

x linked recessive

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6
Q

first line small molecule inhibitor is used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

A

ibrutinib

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7
Q

what description is given to red blood cells which are typically polychromatic and stain heavily for the presence of RNA

A

reticulocyte

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8
Q

abnormality in
fanconi anaemia
dyskaryosis congenita
diamond blackfan syndrome
shwachmann diamond syndrome

A

fanconi anaemia= pancytopenia
dyskaryosis congenita= pancytopenia
diamond blackfan syndrome= RBC deficiency
shwachmann diamond syndrome= lack of neutrophils

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9
Q

autoantibodies in heparin induced thrombocytopenia

A

heparin
platelet factor 4

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10
Q

cd15 and cd5 marker in a patient with lymphadenopathy and raised white cell count

A

chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

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11
Q

what clotting factor has the shortest half life

A

7

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12
Q

what is first line anticoagulant in DVT

A

DOAC

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13
Q

what cancer is associated with fanconi syndrome

A

acute myeloid leukaemia
10% chance of developing it

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14
Q

what anticoagulant is given in DVT if someone has renal failure

A

warfarin

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15
Q

haemophilia a and b inheritance

A

x linked recessive

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16
Q

myeloproliferative syndromes carry the risk of transformation into what malignancy

A

acute myeloid leukaemia

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17
Q

what are the 2 bilobed cells on blood film and how do you differentiate them

A

basophil= has blue granules
eosinophil= has red/brown granules

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18
Q

how is LMWH heparin reversed

A

protamine sulfate

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19
Q

diamond blackfan anaemia presentation

A

infancy
anaemia, low reticulocytes, high foetal haemoglobin
cleft palate, cardiac defects, craniofacial malformation

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20
Q

what imaging modality is used for staging in hodgkins lymphoma

A

PET-CT

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21
Q

how do you differentiate
haemophilia a trait
haemoglobin H disease
hydrops fetalis

A

haemophilia a trait= 1 or 2 defective genes
haemoglobin H disease= 3 defective genes
hydrops fetalis= 4 defective genes

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22
Q

south mediterranean woman with low haemoglobin and MCV

A

thalassaemia

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23
Q

how to slowly vs rapidly reverse warfarin

A

slowly= IV vitamin K
quickly= prothrombin complex concentrate

24
Q

what medication increases the production of HbF and can be used in sickle cell and thalassaemias

A

hydroxycarbamide

25
Q

what coagulation factor increases after starting warfarin and causes a pro thrombotic state

A

protein c and s

26
Q

hepatic cancer is associated with what medication

A

OCP

27
Q

child with flank mass and microscopic haematuria

A

nephroblastoma

28
Q

how many grams of glucose given in ogtt

A

75

29
Q

in what form of IBD do you see non caseating granulomas

A

crohns

30
Q

when is PSA repeated if high

A

2 weeks

31
Q

what histopathological description is given to cells that have lost their intercellular connections between neighbouring cells

A

acantholysis

32
Q

what monoclonal antibody therapy targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and is used in the treatment of breast cancer

A

transtuzumab

33
Q

what protein is defective in PCKD

A

polycystin 1

34
Q

most common type of renal cancer

A

renal cell carcinoma

35
Q

acute rheumatic fever diagnostic criteria

A

jones

36
Q

HOCM inheritance

A

autosomal dominant

37
Q

nail sign in graves disease

A

thyroid acropachy

38
Q

what does alpha 1 antitripsin inhibit and what are the effects of this

A

neutrophil elastase
prevents emphysema

39
Q

how does pagets disease present

A

eczema of the nipple then the areola

40
Q

positive courvoisiers sign is due to what cancer

A

pancreatic

41
Q

muddy brown casts

A

acute tubular necrosis

42
Q

what bladder cancer is associated with chronic cystitis

A

squamous cell carcinoma

43
Q

what protein is low in wilsons

A

caeruloplasmin

44
Q

alpha 1 antitripsin deficiency presentation

A

obstructive on spirometry
lower FEV1
hyperinflation on cxr
productive cough
SOB on exertion

45
Q

epithelial cell casts in urine

A

acute tubular necrosis

46
Q

white cell casts in urine with eosinophilia and recent antibiotic use

A

acute interstitial nephritis

47
Q

what malignancy is lambert eaton myasthenic syndrome associated with

A

small cell lung cancer

48
Q

what paraneoplastic syndrome is most associated with small cell lung cancer

A

SIADH

49
Q

what infection to rule out before giving infliximab

A

tuberculossi

50
Q

how does eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis manifest

A

sinus problems
recurrent infections
progresses to severe asthma

51
Q

crest syndrome also known as

A

limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis

52
Q

taco full form

A

transfusion associated circulatory overload

53
Q

malt lymphoma full form

A

mucosal associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

54
Q

eatl full form

A

enteropathy associated t cell lymphoma

55
Q

most abundant cell in peripheral blood

A

neutrophil

56
Q
A

Aaska's path (9 decks)

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