Med Term 2 Urology And Nephrology Flashcards
Balan/o
Glans penis
Cyst/o
Urinary bladder, sac
Epididym/o
Epididymis
Glomerul/o
Glomerules
Lith/o
Stone
Nephr/o
Kidney
Orch/o
Testes
Orchi/o
Testes
Orchid/o
Testes
Prostat/o
Prostate gland
Pyel/o
Renal pelvis
Ren/o
Kidney
Semin/I
Semen
Sperm/o
Sperm
Spermat/o
Sperm
Testicul/o
Testes
Ur/o
Urine
Ureter/o
Urine
Urethr/o
Urethra
Urin/o
Urine
Vas/o
Vas deferens
Vesicul/o
Seminal vesicles
Albumin/o
Albumin
Azot/o
Nitrogen waste
Bacteri/o
Bacteria
Corpor/o
Body
Crypt/o
Hidden
Genit/o
Genitals
Glycos/o
Sugar, glucose
Hem/o
Blood
Hermat/o
Blood
Hydr/o
Water
Noct/I
Night
Olig/o
Scanty
Py/o
Pus
Rect/o
Rectum
Ven/o
Vein
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Non cancerous enlargement of prostate gland condition places pressure on urethra and narrows it, resulting in frequency, urgency, and nocturia; commonly seen in males over 50
Blood urea nitrogen
Blood test to determine kidney function by measuring level of nitrogenous waste or urea in blood
Calculus
Term for “stone formed within organ” most are formed from mineral salts; commonly found in kidney, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder or urethra
Chlamydia
Bacterial sexually transmitted diseases; causes inflammation of urethra of males or cervix of females with purulent discharge
Circumcision
Surgical removal of prepuce, or foreskin from glans penis; commonly performed on newborn males at request of parents; primary reason is for ease of hygiene; also a ritual practiced in some religions
Clean Catch specimen
Procedure for obtaining urine sample after cleaning off urethral meatus and catching urine in midstream (halfway through urination process) to minimize contamination from the skin
Digital rectal exam
Direct exam for presence of enlarged prostate gland performed by palpating prostate gland with fingers through wall of the rectum
Erectile dysfunction
Inability to achieve erection of penis for coitus also called impotence
Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
Treatment procedure for urinary system stones; utilizes ultrasound waves to break up stones; process is non-invasive meaning it does not require surgery
Frequency
Condition of feeling urge to urinate more often that normal but without increases in total daily volume of urine; can indicate inflammation of bladder or urethra or benign prostatic hyperplasia
Genital Herpes
Highly infectious viral sexually transmitted disease; causes blister like lesions on penis of males or cervix and vagina of females
Gonorrhea
Bacterial sexually transmitted disease; infects mucous membranes and can spread throughout the entire genitourinary system, often does not cause many symptoms until widespread
Hemodialysis
Treatment for renal failure using artificial kidney machine to filter waste from the body
Hesitancy
State of difficulty initiating flow of urine; often symptoms of blockage along urethra such as caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia
Hydrocele
Accumulation of fluid within scrotum
Intravenous Pyelogram
X-ray of kidney following injection of dye into vein to visualize renal pelvis as kidney filters dye out of bloodstream and puts into urine
Peritoneal dialysis
Artificial means to remove waste substances from body by placing warm, chemically balanced solutions into peritoneal cavity, treatment for renal failure
Phimosis
Narrowing of prepuce over glans penis, can cause difficulty with urination and infection; treatment is circumcision
Polycystic kidney disease
Inherited kidney disease characterized by presence of multiple cysts throughout kidney tissue; eventually destroys kidneys and results in kidney failure
Prostate-specific antigen
Blood test to screen for prostate cancer
Prostatic cancer
Common and slow growing cancer of prostate gland occurring in males over the age of 50; prostate specific antigen (PSA) test is used to assist in early detection of the disease
Renal Failure
Inability of kidneys to filter waste from blood and/or produce Urine; treatment of sever renal failure is dialysis or renal transplant
Renal transplant
Replacement of diseased kidney by donor kidney
Retrograde pyelogram
X-ray of urinary bladder,ureters, and renal pelvis following insertion of dye through urethra
Semen analysis
Evaluation of semen for fertility
Sexually transmitted disease
Contagious Disease acquired Through sexual contact; formally referred to as a venreal disease
Sterility
Inability to produce children in males
Syphillis
STD, begins at one ulcer at point of infection chronic disease that spreads through the lymph nodes
Testicular Cancer
Cancer of one or both testicles, more commonly seen in young man or boys
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Surgical removal of prostate gland tissue by inserting device called resectoscope through the urethra and removing prostate tissue; also called transurethral resection
Trichomoniasis
Protozoan sexually transmitted disease; causes inflammation of genitourinary tract in both men and women
Undescended testicle
Congenital Anomaly involving failure of one or both of testes to descend into scrotal sac before birth; surgical procedures called ochiopexy may be required to bring testes down into scrotum permanently; also called cryptorchism
Urgency
Feeling the need to urinate immediately
Urinalysis
Laboratory test that consists of physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine
Urinary Catheterization
Insertion of flexible tube catheter into urinary bladder through urethra, used to withdraw urine or insert dye
Urinary incontinence
Involuntary urination also called enuresis
Urinary tract infectiion
Inflection of any region of the urinary tract
Urine culture and sensitivity
Diagnostic lab procedure that identifies bacterial infection of urinary system and determines best antibiotic to treat it, involves growing bacteria in culture medium and testing different antibiotics on it
Varicocele
Development of varicose veins in the scrotal veins
Folding Cystourethrography
X-ray made while patient voids dye that has been placed in urinary bladder through urethra
