Med chapter NEPRHOLOGY Flashcards
does hartmanns contain K ?
yes
indications for renal replacement therapy?
- acidosis - pH <7.1
- electrolyte imbalance K > 7
- Intoxication - poisons
- Overload - pulmonary overload or diuretic resistant
- Uremia - encephalopopy or pericarditis
whats a normal egfr? STAGE 1
> 90
mildly decreased GFR? STAGE 2
60-90
moderately decreased GFR? STAGE 3A
45-60
moderately decreased GFR? STAGE 3B
30-45
Severe decrease in GFR?
15-29
ESKD GFR?
<15
at what GFR should someone with CKD receive RRT?
<10
name of catheter used in peritoneal dialysis?
tenckhoff catheter
complications of peritoneal dialysis?
peritinitis, line sepsis, abdominal wall hernia, edema
what is the lifelong triple therapy following renal transplant?
- calcineurin inhibitors
- antimetabolites
- steroids
causes of anemia in someone with CKD?
- anemia of chronic disease
- decreased EPO production
- depressed bone marrow function
- shortened red cell survival
- dietary deficiency
- high PTH resulting in EPO
most common pathogen in UTIs?
E coli
what are the antibodies to in goodpastures?
type IV collage - glomerular basement membrane
proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome?
> 3.5 g/day
albumin in nephrotic syndrome?
<30g/L
why may someone with nephrotic syndrome be hypercoagulable?
renal loss of AT III
secondary causes of nephrotic syndrome?
- diabetes mellitus
- amyloidosis
- SLE
anasarca =
swelling of the whole body
Which ix would you get on bloods for nephrotic syndrome?
- FBC with differential, LFTS, U/Es
- serum albumin
- cholesterol
- ATIII levels
- vasculitis screen (ANA antibodies)
- hep B, hep C, HIV screen
- hba1c and fasting glucose
- complement
urine ix for nephrotic syndrome?
urine microscopy + 24 hr urine collection for protein level
non-pharmacological managment of nephrotic syndrome?
- stop/treat underlying cause
- daily weights, blood pressure, fluid balance
- nutritional support
pharmacological management of nephrotic syndrome?
Treat the disease;
- steroids
- other drugs: cyclophosphamide
-hemodialysis in severe cases
Prevent complications:
- LMWH for VTA prophylaxis
- diuretics for volume overload
- statins for hypercholesteremia
- ACE or ARB for HTN
Complications of nephrotic syndrome?
- thromboembolism
- hyperlipidemia
- infection
- malnutrition
- AKI
- ESKD
