endocrine medicine

Question 1

hba1c that indiccate diabetes?

Answer 1

> 48 mmol/L

Question 2

environmental risk factors for TYPE I DM

Answer 2

• viral infections - resp or enterovirus
• higher SES
• Obesity
• Vit D deficiency
• Maternal age, history of preeclampsia in mom, neonatal jaundice

Question 3

fasting glucose > __ on more than one occasion indicates diabetes

Answer 3

7

Question 4

random glucose > __ in a patient with hyperglycemia symtpoms indicates diabetes

Answer 4

11.1

Question 5

plasma glucose > ___ 2 hours after 75 g glucose challenge indicate diabetes

Answer 5

11.1

Question 6

criteria that indicates DKA

Answer 6

Glucose > 12 mmol/L

Ketones > 3 mmol/L

Question 7

which antibodies are associated with TYPE I diabetes?

Answer 7

• anti-GAD

- anti islet cell

Question 8

management of DKA?

Answer 8

• IV infusion of short acting insulin

- aim for reductino of blood glucose of 3 mmol/L per hour and ketones of 0.5 per hour

Question 9

when treating DKA, if blood glucose falls below ___ you should switch to 5% dextrose

Answer 9

14 mmol/L

Question 10

how often should you check glucose and ketones in DKA?

Answer 10

hourly

Question 11

what amount is used for bolus fluid replacements in DKA

Answer 11

1 L/hour initially

Question 12

hba1c target for glycemic control in diabetes?

Answer 12

<53

Question 13

BP targets in patients with diabetes?

Answer 13

<140/90, or <130/80 if microvascular disease present