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Techniques 1 > med admin 1 > Flashcards

med admin 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a nurses responsibility related to medication?

A

to interpret, transcribe, prepare, administer, teach, document, and evaluate pt response

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2
Q

what is the chemical name of a medication? and example

A

provides an exact description of the medications composition, its molecular structure
(ex: isobutylphenyl propionic acid)

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3
Q

what is the generic name of a medication? and example

A

given by the manufacturer that first develops the drug, the generic name becomes the official name that the med is listed as (ex: Ibuprofen)

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4
Q

what is the brand or trade name? and example

A

name that the manufacturer markets the medication (ex: Advil)

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5
Q

what is a generic drug?

A

contain the same medicinal ingredients as brand name drug

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6
Q

what drug classification is tylonal under?

A

antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (pain reliver)

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7
Q

what drug classification is asprin under?

A

analgesic (pain reliever), antipyretic(reduces fever), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), platelet aggeration inhibitor (inhibit clot formation)

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8
Q

what are the 4 processes of pharmacokinetics?

A
  1. absorption
  2. disruption
  3. metabolism
  4. excretion

ADME… acronym

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9
Q

what is absorption in relation to pharmacokinetics?

A

where the med enters the body and absorbed into the bloodstream

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10
Q

what are the 2 parts of absorption in the pharmacokinetic cycle?

A

first pass (phenomenon where a med gets metabolized at a specific part of the body) and
bioavailability (the amount of med available to reach the target cells after metabolism)

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11
Q

what is the first pass in relation to pharmacokinetics?

A

the phenomenon where a med is metabolized at a specific part of the body

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11
Q

what is bioavailability in relation to pharmacokinetics?

A

the amount of med to reach the target cells after metabolism to produce its intended effect

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11
Q

what is metabolism in relation to pharmacokinetics?

A

the breakdown of mediation into inactive/less active forms, at a higher risk of med toxicity if your metabolism is lower (ie. older people)

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12
Q

what is distribution in relation to pharmacokinetics?

A

the transportation of the medication in the bloodstream to the site of blood action… most meds bind to protein (ex: albumin is made by the liver and people that don’t produce enough albumin have an increased chance of drug toxicity)

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12
Q

what is excretion in relation to pharmacokinetics?

A

process that meds exit the body, through the lungs, exocrine glands, bowel, kidney, and liver

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12
Q

what organ is the main form of med excretion?

A

kidneys

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13
Q

what is a drug half-life?

A

the time it takes for the drug to be 50% eliminated from the bloodstream

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14
Q

what are the 6 types of medication effects?

A
  • therapeutic effect
  • side effect
  • adverse effect
  • toxic effect
  • idiosyncratic reaction
  • allergic reaction
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15
Q

what is the therapeutic effect with medications?

A

the intended or desired physiological response of the medication

16
Q

what is the side effect with medications?

A

an unintended secondary response could be harmful or harmless

17
Q

what is the adverse effect with medications?

A

severe negative response to a drug that promotes immediate discontinuation of taking (ex: coma)

18
Q

what are toxic effects with medications?

A

the development of toxicity following prolonged intake of a medication or after it has accumulated in the bloodstream

19
Q

what is the idiosyncratic reaction with medications?

A

unpredictable effects which occur when a patient over or under reacts to a medication(ex: Benadryl causes drowsiness in adults but can cause excitement in children)

20
Q

what are allergic reactions with medications?

A

an immune response following becoming immunologically sensitive to the initial dose, the next dose then causes a severe reaction (possibly an anaphylactic response)

21
Q

what are medication interactions?

A

occur when one med modifies the action of another one (seen lots with polypharmacy)

22
Q

what is polypharmacy?

A

the use of multiple drugs or more than medically necessary (seen lots with older adults)

23
Q

what is a synergistic effect?

A

when the combined effect of 2 medications or medication and substance has a greater response (ex: mixing alcohol and antidepressants, grapefruit juice with some meds)

24
Q

what are the 4 intervals of medication action? explain them.

A
  1. onset - med starts to produce therapeutic response
  2. peak - med reaches max therapeutic response
  3. trough - the lowest amount of drug detected in serum
  4. duration - length of time drug exhibits a therapeutic response
25
Q

what are the 5 types of drug orders?

A
  • routine orders
  • stat orders
  • single orders
  • PRN orders
  • standing orders
26
Q

what are routine drug orders?

A

most common type of order, carried out until the prescriber discontinues it or cancels it, can have a final date or total number of doses

27
Q

what is a stat drug order?

A

order to be given immediately, mostly in emergency situations, typically verbal

28
Q

what are single drug orders?

A

also called “one-time orders”, most common in relation to surgeries, take one and done, doesn’t have the urgency of a stat order

29
Q

what are standing drug orders?

A

an order conditioned upon the occurrence of certain events (authorization of a nurse needed only)

30
Q

what are PRN drug orders?

A

referred to as “as needed” orders, allows nurse to use their judgement

31
Q

what do you do if a drug order changes?

A

know what the change was and the reason why

32
Q

what is med reconciliation?

A

creating the most accurate list of all possible medications

33
Q

what is the nurses role in med admin?

A

know the drug and the reason for perscribing

34
Q

what are the 10 rights of med admin

A
  1. right pt
  2. right drug
  3. right dose
  4. right route
  5. right time/frequency
  6. right documentation
  7. right reason
  8. right to refuse
  9. right pt education
  10. right evaluation
35
Q

the 7 essential parts of a drug order are…

A
  1. pt name
  2. pt DOB
  3. drug name
  4. drug dose
  5. frequency
  6. route
  7. signature from perscriber
36
Q

what type of drug takes precedent over pain meds and others of similar types?

A

antibiotics (need to be on a strict schedule)

37
Q

what are the 4 things you do when a pt refuses a drug?

A
  • ask why they are refusing
  • ensure they are fully informed about the reason for taking said drug and the potential consequences of not taking it
  • notify prescriber
  • document the refusal and reason
38
Q

what are the 4 evaluations to complete when a drug is administered?

A
  • effectiveness
  • side effects
  • adverse reactions
  • drug interactions
39
Q

what are the 3 A’s to complete prior to med admin?

A
  • Armband
  • Allergies
  • Assessment
40
Q

what are some contradictions to oral meds?

A
  • vomiting
  • nausea
  • GI alterations
  • gastric suction
  • decreased LOC
  • increased RR (harder t swallow if breathing is labored)
41
Q

why can not all oral meds be crushed?

A

some pills are time-release capsules

42
Q

what is the difference between the pharmaceutical waste bin and the sharps bin?

A
  • pharmaceutical waste bin (blue) - for extra drug tablets, liquids, or transdermal patches
  • sharps container (yellow) - for needles or lancets

Techniques 1 (8 decks)

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