Infection Prevention and Disease Control 1

Question 1

what are HAI’s?

Answer 1

healthcare-associated infections

Question 2

what’s another name for HAI’s

Answer 2

nosocomial infections

Question 3

what is a pathogen?

Answer 3

an organism capable of causing disease

Question 4

what are the most common HAI’s?

Answer 4

staph aureus, ecoli, aeruginosa

Question 5

what are HAI’s most commonly caused from?

Answer 5

catheters, respiratory pneumonia, central lines, surgical sites

Question 6

what is an infection?

Answer 6

an invasion of pathogens into the body

Question 7

what is a localized infection?

Answer 7

an infection only pertaining to 1 body system

Question 8

what is a systemic infection?

Answer 8

an infection encompassing the whole body

Question 9

what is a carrier?

Answer 9

someone that has the infection but isn’t showing any symptoms

Question 10

what is an endogenous infection?

Answer 10

a change in someones flora (good bacteria), an overgrowth

Question 11

what is an exogenous infection?

Answer 11

an external factor the body is exposed to and is infected by

Question 12

what is an infectious agent?

Answer 12

the pathogen causing an infection

Question 13

what is a reservoir?

Answer 13

someone or something keeping the pathogen alive (good environment to fuel growth)

Question 14

what is the prime temperature, pH, and light required for a pathogen to multiply?

Answer 14

between 35 and 37 C, pH of 5-8, dim lighting

Question 15

what is a portal of exit?

Answer 15

the way the pathogen is able to leave the host and infect another

Question 16

what are some examples of a portal of exit?

Answer 16

mucosal membranes, open wounds (blood), fecal matter/vomit

Question 17

what are the 5 means of transmission?

Answer 17

contact (direct and indirect), droplet, airborne, common vehicle, vector

Question 18

what is means of transmission?

Answer 18

how the pathogen is spread from 1 host to another

Question 19

what is a portal of entry?

Answer 19

getting the pathogen inside another host

Question 20

what are some examples of portals of entry?

Answer 20

mucosal membranes, open wounds (blood)

Question 21

what is a susceptible host?

Answer 21

someone/something not immune to the pathogen

Question 22

what is medical asepsis?

Answer 22

clean technique, reduces the number of microorganisms, goal is to be as clean as possible (skin is not sterile)

Question 23

what is surgical asepsis?

Answer 23

sterile technique

Question 24

what are PCRA’s?

Answer 24

point of care risk assessments

Question 25

what are PCRA’s used for?

Answer 25

to reduce the chance of infection as much as possible before visiting a patient

Question 26

why do we perform hand hygiene?

Answer 26

to minimize HAI’s

Question 27

what are the 4 moments of hand hygiene?

Answer 27

before initial contact with patient/environment, before aseptic procedures, after contact/exposure to bodily fluids, after contact with patient/environment

Question 28

how do you perform hand hygiene?

Answer 28

minimum of 20sec, no nail polish past 4 days, no gel polish, short nails (no longer than ¼ inch),no jewelry

Question 29

what is ABHR?

Answer 29

alcohol-based hand rub

Question 30

when can you not use ABHR?

Answer 30

when hands are visibly soiled, when patient is C-Diff positive