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BOC > Mechanisms and Characteristics of Sports Injuries > Flashcards

Mechanisms and Characteristics of Sports Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

tearing =

A

laceration

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2
Q

tearing/ripping=

A

avulsion

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3
Q

penetrating=

A

puncture

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4
Q

breaking point of tendon injuries is equal to or more than ____

A

6-8%

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5
Q

reflex reaction caused by trauma of the musculoskeletal system

A

muscle spasms

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6
Q

rigid muscle contraction that lasts a period of time

A

tonic

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7
Q

alternating involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation in quick succession

A

clonic

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8
Q

fluids that collect in muscles during and after exercise are absorbed into the blood stream at a slow rate

A

muscle stiffness

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9
Q

inflammation of synovial sheath; crepitus; chronic- locally thickened

A

tenosynovitis

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10
Q

myositis ossificans occurs in a muscle over a bone

A

ectopic calcfication

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11
Q

abnormal shortening of a muscle tissue

A

contracture

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12
Q

joint that is immovable

A

synarthrotic

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13
Q

slightly movable joint

A

ampiarthrotic

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14
Q

freely movable joint

A

diarthrotic

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15
Q

primary injury in ligaments?

A

viscoelastic tissue properties; constant compression causes deterioration, intermittent compression increases strength; chronic inflammation causes shrinkage of collagen fibers

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16
Q

an organ will adapt itself structurally to an alternation, quantitative of function

A

rouxs law of function adaption

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17
Q

part of nasal septum, larynx, trachea, bronchi, articular ends of bones

A

hyaline or articular cartilage

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18
Q

vertebral disks, pubic symphysis and menisci of knee joint

A

fibrous

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19
Q

external ear and eustachian tube

A

elastic

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20
Q

ellipical convex head in an elliptical concave socket

A

ellipsoidal; wrist

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21
Q

reciprocally concavoconvex

A

saddle; carpometacarpal joint of thumb

22
Q

small amount of gliding back and forth or sideways

A

gliding; joints b/w carpal and tarsal bones, intervertebral joints

23
Q

states that the joint capsule, the muscle moving in that joint, and the skin overlying the insertion of the muscle have the same nerve supply

A

Hilton’s law

24
Q
  • a disjointing of two bones parallel to one another or

- rupture of a solid joint (pubic symphysis)

A

diastasis

25
Q

degenerative changes in the ossification centers of the epiphyses of bones

A

osteochondrosis

26
Q

degeneration of the articular or hyaline cartilage from repeated trauma;
s/s pain may be localized or generalized to joint; pain by friction; joint cracking

A

osteoarthritis

27
Q

sudden irritation can cause acture bursitis; overuse of muscles or tendon or compression

A

bursitis

28
Q

dense, white fibrous membrane covers long bones

A

periosteum

29
Q

often in flat bones; caused by falling and striking body part on unyielding surface or by being hit with a hard object

A

depressed fracture

30
Q

incomplete break in bones that have not completely ossified; often occurs in convex bone surface while concave surface remain intact

A

greenstick fracture

31
Q

caused from fall from a height. require immediate spliting by AT and traction by physician to ensure normal length of injured limb

A

impacted fracture

32
Q

bone splits along its length; often result of jumping and stress directs up long axis

A

longitudinal fracture

33
Q

s-shaped separation; common in football and skiing

A

spiral fracture

34
Q

occur when one end of the bone receives sudden torsion while other is fixed or stabilized

A

oblique fracture

35
Q

two bony fragments have a saw tooth, sharp edged fracture line; usually caused by direct blow

A

serrated fracture

36
Q

occurs in a straight line at right angles to the bone shaft; caused by direct blow

A

transverse fracture

37
Q

greater than or more fragments at fracture site. caused by hard blow or fall. hard to heal cause of fragments

A

comminuted fracture

38
Q

occur two the wall of the eye orbit as a result of a blow to the eye

A

blowout fracture

39
Q

occur on side opposite to the point at which trauma was initiated; fracture of skull

A

contrecoup

40
Q

separation of a bone fragment at an attachment of ligament or tendon; sudden, powerful twist

A

avulsion fracture

41
Q

separation of physis

A

type 1

42
Q

separation of growth plate and small part of metaphysis

A

type 2

43
Q

fracture of physis

A

type 3

44
Q

fracture of portion of physis and metaphysis

A

type 4

45
Q

crushing force; growth deformity

A

type 5

46
Q

occurs when a reduced amount of blood is available to the circulatory system;fatigue, exposure to heat/cold, dehydration or illness

A

shock

47
Q

signs: low BP ( less than 90 systolic), rapid and weak pulse, drowsy sluggish, shallow and rapid respiration, skin is pale , cool and clamy

A

shock

48
Q

treatment: maintain body temp, raise legs 8-12 inches off the ground

A

shock

49
Q

rapid strong heart beat may indicate

A

heat stroke

50
Q

dimensions for crutch fitting:

A

6 inches anteriorly, 2 inches laterally; 2-3 finger widths in arm pit, 30 degrees of flexion; 12-15 inches ahead while walking

BOC (7 decks)

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