Mechanism of Action of anticoagulants

Question 1

heparin used for, eliminated via?

Answer 1

is given during emergency. Used in DVT/PE to reduce clot formation. Is eliminated through the liver.

Question 2

low molecular weight heparin MOA, used for, eliminated via?

Answer 2

inhibits F10a. Used for acute MI, PE, DVT. Eliminated via kidneys. Can be used during pregnancy.

Question 3

fondaparinux used for, MOA, risks?

Answer 3

binds anti-thrombin 3 with more affinity. Inactivates F10a. Used for DVT, PE, MI. Has least risk of H.I.T.

Question 4

name the direct thrombin inhibitors, and when they are used

Answer 4

bivalirudin, argatroban, dabigatrin. Used in case of H.I.T.

Question 5

name the direct factor Xa inhibitors, what (other than anti-coag) are they used for?

Answer 5

rivaroxoban, apixaban.

Used for A. fib

Question 6

warfarin MOA, uses, eliminated by?

Answer 6

blocks VK epoxide reductase synthesis. is used for long term A.fib, DVT prophylaxis. it is metabolised in the liver via CYP450

Question 7

Side effects of heparin

Answer 7

heparin induced thrombocytopenia, hyperkalemia, osteoporosis

Question 8

name the indirect thrombin inhibitors

Answer 8

heparin, low molecular weight heparin, fondaparinux

Question 9

explain how indirect thrombin inhibitors function

Answer 9

they endogenously bind anti-thrombin 3 which inactivates F2, F10A,F9A, F11A, F12A

Question 10

can you use warfarin in pregnancy

Answer 10

no bc it can cause hemorrhage, weird bone growth and warfarin induced necrosis