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Critical Care Test 1 > Mechanical Ventilation (S.G) > Flashcards

Mechanical Ventilation (S.G) Flashcards

1
Q

INCR. PaCO2 __ RR/TV

A

INCR.

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2
Q

DECR PaCO2 ____ RR/TV

A

DECR

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3
Q

INCR PaO2 ____ FiO2/PEEP

A

DECR,

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4
Q

DECR. PaO2____FiO2/PEEP

A

INCR.

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5
Q

which airway follows the normal curvature of the tonue and extends past the base?

A

Oropharyngeal

CANNOT have gag reflex, must be sedated

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6
Q

which airway limits gag reflex

A

nasopharyngeal

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7
Q

which art. airway allows eating/talking and is long term

A

Tracheostomy

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8
Q

which art. airway is fast, easy, and done in the ER

A

Endotracheal tube

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9
Q

how long should an ETT be in place?

A

7-10 days

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10
Q

When intubating:

what position

A

sedated in SNIFF position :hyperextend neck

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11
Q

limit intubation to how many seconds

A

30

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12
Q

where does ETT sit anatomically?

A

3-4 cm above carina

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13
Q

Indications of ventilator support

A
  • relief of upper airway obstruction
  • PaO2 45
  • remove secretions
  • prevent massive aspiration of stomach contents
  • GCS
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14
Q

What must you do before suctioning? And how long do you suction for?

A

Give 3 100% breaths

suction no more that 10-15 sec

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15
Q

Soft cuff effect of pressure and volume

A

DECR pressure

INCR volume

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16
Q

Hard cuff effect of pressure and volume

A

INCR pressure

DECR volume

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17
Q

Types of ventilators:

1) NEGATIVE pressure

A

decreases atmospheric pressure to initiate respirations

18
Q

Types of ventilators:

2) POSITIVE pressure

A

fills lungs with gas to expand lungs

* more common

19
Q 
Initial Ventilator Settings
FiO2-
Mode
f
Tv
A

FiO2- 0.5-1 (50%-100%)
Mode- AC (assisted control)
f- 8-12/min
Tv- 6-10 (4-8 if compromised)

20
Q

Vent Modes:

AC/CMV

A

continued mandatory volume

-delivers a preset tidal volume always

21
Q

Vent Modes:

SIMV

A

spontaneous and mechanical breathing

* used for weaning

22
Q

Vent Modes:

PEEP

A

opens alveoli at end of exhale

23
Q

PEEP normal values

A

3-5

24
Q

PEEP indications

A

if FiO2 >50 for >24 hours- oxygen toxicity

25
Q

Complications of PEEP

A

Barotrauma—> pneumothorax–> Decr. C.O

26
Q

Neuromuscular Blockade

A

Paralyzes skeletal muscles

27
Q

Neuromuscular Blockade

A

Eyelids and face–> tongue—>neck—>shoulders–>respiratory system
** Recovery from meds is reversed

28
Q

What must you give with a neuromuscular blockade

A

PAIN MEDS AND SEDATION

they are fully concious

29
Q

Paralytic:

Pavulon

A

takes 4-6 min, lasts 2-3 hours

30
Q

Paralytic:

Nocuron

A

takes 2-4 min, lasts 30-40 miN

31
Q

Nursing care of patient of paralytics

A
  • patent airway
  • Ambu bag
  • Consider ABGs
  • Position/passive ROM
  • protect eyes with lube and eyepatch
32
Q

is Versed a paralytic?

A

NOO do not choose this answer, it is a SEDATIVE

33
Q

Complications of Mechanical ventilators

A
  • oral, dental, nasal damage
  • subcutaneous emphysema
  • infection
34
Q

Complications of Mechanical ventilators

-cardiovascular

A

decreased C.O

35
Q

Complications of Mechanical ventilators

-Pulmonoary

A

Barotrauma-pnuemothorax

36
Q

Complications of Mechanical ventilators

-Renal

A

decreased UO d/t kidneys not being perfused from decreased C.O

37
Q

Respiratory Failure

TYPE 1

A

low PaO2 and normal CaO2

38
Q

Respiratory Failure

TYPE 2

A

low PaO2 and high CaO2

39
Q

Acute Lung Injury/ARDS

-non cardiogenic pulmonary edema ( not heart related)

A

normal PaOP

not a result of heart injury

40
Q

Acute Lung Injury/ARDS

Direct

A

near drowning
aspiration of gastric content
penumonia

41
Q

Acute Lung Injury/ARDS

Indirect

A 
sepsis
shock/trauma
DIC
pancreatitis
multiple blood transfusions
42
Q

Position to put a patient with Acute Lung Injury

A

PRONE!- improves perfusion and decreases shunting

**always assess their stability before putting them prone

Critical Care Test 1 (13 decks)

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