Mechanical Ventilation Flashcards
type 1 sign of respiratory failure
DECREASE PA02
decrease SP02 agitation air hungry cyanosis tacky
Type 2 signs respiratory failure
INCREASE PAC02 and DECREASED PA02
same symptoms as 1 plus
decreased consciousness
confusion
rapid shallow breathing
which mechanical ventilation is closer to physiological
negative pressure ventilation
problem with negative pressure ventilation
whole body in chamber
how does positive pressure ventilation work
the lung is what pushes the chest wall to open (opposite to negative)
pulmonary effects of mechanical ventilation
increased v/q and tidal volume ratio
increased WOB
pneumothorax/ emphysema
hemodynamic effects mechanical ventilation
decreased venous return , CO, decreased BP, renal perfusion
T/F pneumonia that starts > 24 after ventilation is VAP
no, >48 hours
does chest physio decrease VAP
no
decrease incidence VAP
HOB elevated oral hygiene DVT prophylaxis change the vent less sedation vacation
contraindications to NIV
facial trauma obstruction of airway hemodynmaic instability decreased LOC undrained pneumothroax high risk aspiration
most patients start with
oronasal mask
most adulated intubated with a
CUFFED ORAL ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE
__ tubes most frequently in infants
nasal endotracheal
__ tube used in oral and facial surgery
nasal tube
is there an increased or decreased dead space with endotracheal tubes
increased
is there an increased or decreased dead space with tracheostomies
decreased
if you control for pressure what is the risk
of decruitment and atelectasis
if you control volume what do you risk
barotrauma
what does humidification need
heat and moisture
CPAP used for
whats it do
Acute pulmonary edema
COPD
relieves WOB
advantages of optiflow
communication, sputum clearance, nutrition , humidifies , higher flow rates
name three non invasive ventilatory systems
CPAP
BPAP
optiflow
the lowest level of support is
spontaneous and pressure ventilation (PSV)
what is PSV used for
weaning
for CPAP we control
PEEP
in BPAP we control
the pressure support and
PEEP
how is spontaneous breathing trials measured
rapid shallow breathing index
__ is indicative of weaning failure
> 105
whats SIMV
synchronized intermittent mechanical ventilation
patient set rate
with mandatory breaths
machine can kick in if patient not taking enough
what is CMV
continuous mandatory ventilation
can’t be patient triggered or time trigger
volume and pressure controlled
NAVA
breath triggered by EMG
who is high frequency oscillation used for
ARDS
what is proportional assist ventilation
adjusts flow and volume based on set volume
calculates patients WOB
for difficult to wean patients
nitric oxide is a vasoconstrictor or dilator
dilator
helium does what
improve ventilation in acute asthma
reduce resistance to airflow
whats nitric oxide do
reduces shunt through vasodilation
whats weaning
prolonged ventilation leading to resp mm weakness
