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limb loss Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of amputation

A

diabetes
peripheral vascular disease
trauma

correction, tumours, infections

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2
Q

why diabetes and PVD leading cause

A

decreased circulation
decreased sensation
foot deformities

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3
Q

toe amp effects

prosthetic

A

decreased push off / balance

insoles , stiff soled shoe

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4
Q

partial foot / fore foot amp effects / presthetic

A

lose push off, balance, risk for tissue breakdown

toe filler, slipper boot, AFO

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5
Q

lisfranc you leave the

A

metatarsals

tarsometatarsal

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6
Q

chopart you leave

A

calc / talus

midtarsal

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7
Q

symes amp effects

A

more stable and easier to control

good functional outcome if wounds not an issue

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8
Q

symes

A

ankle disarticulation

distal end of Tib and fib intact while foot bones are removed

can WB (hell pad preserved) but prosthesis for regular walking

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9
Q

transtibial amputaion

A

no WB

calf mm attached to front of limb

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10
Q

transtibial effect on function

A

good function

can aid with transfers

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11
Q

knee disarticulation

A

tib and fib removed
patella may or may not be
may WB

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12
Q

transtibial and transfemoral can you WB

A

no

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13
Q

knee articulation and ankle can you WB

A

yes

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14
Q

knee articulation effects

A

ind w gait aids

better balance that TF

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15
Q

knee disarticulation prosthetic

A

knee axis is lower than normal

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16
Q

transferral amp effects

A

no WB
takes more energy to walk
good balance, may or may not need gait aid

stand step transfers only

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17
Q

longer limbs will have __ balance, short limbs will ___

A

better

contractors and more energy expenditure

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18
Q

transferral amp what kind of contraction is unique

A

abd

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19
Q

hip disarticulation effects

A

walking aid/ w/c, asymmetrical gait

can do functional tasks
high energy consumption

20
Q

education for amputees

A 
pain 
skin 
edema
falls 
contractures
21
Q

knee / hip flexion contraction __ may prevent the client from being a prosthetic candidate

A

> 20 degrees

22
Q

common contractures in TT

A

knee and hip flexion

23
Q

common contractors in TF

A

hip flexion, abd and ER

24
Q

how to prevent contractures

A 
bed positioning 
chair positioning (straight leg)
25
Q

5 pain management ideas

A 
education 
meds
exercise
relaxation 
compression 
mirror
26
Q

when should someone casted

A

conical and cylindrical

27
Q

do you wear a shrinker right away all the time

A

gradually until able to wear 24 hrs a day

28
Q

when are amputees at fall ris

A

first waking

29
Q

do you moisturize between toes toes

A

no

30
Q

TF exercises

A

hip extension/ add

31
Q

TT exercises

A

hip and knee extention

32
Q

pre prosthetic exercises

A

core, UL, balance

TF: hip ext, abd, add
TT: knee ext/flex, hip ext/adb/add

33
Q

why might someone not be a prosthetic candidate

A 
cognition 
motivation 
ROM
contracture
medically fragile
34
Q

what does pink
red
purple mean
on skin inspection

A

good
too much ressure
not enough contact

35
Q

pressure tolerant areas

A 
ischial tuberosity
hydrostatic loading (total surface)
36
Q

pressure sensitive areas

A

distal end of residual limb
adduct tendon
ramus

37
Q

TT skin inspection

A

tolerant areas:
patella tendon
medial / lateral tibia
posterior mm mass

sensitive areas: patella, tibial tuberosity, fib head

38
Q

how to check TT fit

A

position of patella

39
Q

how to check fit on TF

A

ischial tuberosity

40
Q

signs of needing more or less socks

A

redness in sensitive areas
phantom pain
prosthesis feels heavy, too talk or short
can’t don

41
Q

gel liner worn at __ shrinker worn at

A

night

day or night

42
Q

initial contact considerationa

A

dont pull into mid stance with hamstring on effected side

push from contralateral foot

43
Q

watch for __ during terminal stance

A

early knee flexion , decreased hip extension and retracted pelvis

44
Q

should step lengths be equal

A

yes

45
Q

common gait deviations

A 
abducted leg
lateral shift
less stance on prosthesis
excessive knee flexion 
absent push off

564 (16 decks)

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