Measuring health status Flashcards
Self-assessed health status
An individual’s own opinion about how they feel about their health, their state of mind and their life in general.
Life expectancy
The number of years of life, on average, left to an individual at a particular age if death rates do not change.
Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
The average length of time an individual at a specific age can expect to live in full health without the consequences of disease or injury.
Mortality
The number of deaths in a population in a given period.
Mortality rate
The measure of the proportion of a population who die in a 1-year period.
Infant mortality rate
The rate of deaths of infants before their first birthday, usually expressed per 100,000 live births.
U5MR
The number of deaths of children under 5 years of age per 1000 live births.
Maternal mortality ratio
The number of mothers who die as a result of pregnancy or childbirth per 100,000 women who give birth.
Maternal mortality
Death of a mother during pregnancy, childbirth or within 6 weeks of delivery.
Morbidity
Ill health within an individual and levels of ill health within a population.
Incidence
Refers to the number of new cases of a disease/condition in a population during a given period.
Prevalence
The total number of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
Burden of disease
A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. It is measured in DALY.
Disability-adjusted life year
1 DALY = one year of healthy life lost due to illness or death.
DALYs are calculated as YLL + YLD
Years of life lost (YLL)
A measure of how many years of expected life are due to premature death.
