Comparing health status and BOD across countries

Question 1

Types of characteristics of low-, middle- and high-income countries

Answer 1

Economic
Social
Environmental

Question 2

Economic characteristics of high-income countries

Answer 2

• Wide range of industries
• Trade

Question 3

Social characteristics

Answer 3

• Education
• Employment
• Gender equality

Question 4

Environmental characteristics

Answer 4

• Infrastructure
• Access to safe water & sanitation

Question 5

Economic - Trade

Answer 5

Low-income countries have limited range of industries centred around agriculture > don’t produce goods other countries require >
reduces ability to trade on global market > economy can’t grow

Question 6

Social - Gender equality

Answer 6

Low-income countries > females lack same opportunities as males > higher levels of poverty > inability to contribute to economy

Question 7

Environmental - Infrastructure

Answer 7

Low-income countries > lack of roads and facilities > inability to access job opportunities > economy can’t grow

Question 8

Poverty definition

Answer 8

lack of access to resources such as food, shelter and healthcare.

Question 9

Extreme poverty

Answer 9

living on less than $1.90 per day.

Question 10

Similarities in health status and BOD between low, middle and high-income countries

Answer 10

• Life expectancy is increasing in all income groups
• U5MR rates are decreasing in all groups
• Obesity rates are increasing in all income groups

Question 11

Differences in health status and BOD between low, middle and high-income countries

Answer 11

• Life expectancy is higher in high-income, and lower in low-income countries
• ## Mortality rates due to infectious diseases are higher in low-income countries

Question 12

Factors contributing to differences in health status and BOD between low, middle and high-income countries

Answer 12

• Inequality and discrimination
• Global distribution and marketing of tobacco, alcohol and processed foods

Question 13

Difference in health status - Inequality and discrimination

Answer 13

Females have lower status in low-income countries > miss out on educational and income opportunities > no choice but to work as a sex worker > higher risk of HIV/AIDS > YLL

Question 14

Difference in health status - Global marketing of tobacco

Answer 14

As smoking rates have decreased in high-income countries, marketing has increased in low-income countries in order to boost global sales > increased rate of smoking > decreased life expectancy & YLL due to lung cancer