Measuring and Describing Disease Pt.2

Question 1

List different types of research from weakest to strongest.

Answer 1

expert opinion
case series/report
case control
cohort
randomised control trial
systematic review/meta analyses

Question 2

What’s another way to classify types of research?

Answer 2

qualitative

quantative

Question 3

List two types of study design.

Answer 3

observational

interventional

Question 4

List two types of epidemiological approach.

Answer 4

descriptive

analytical

Question 5

Define odds.

Answer 5

ratio of the probability (P) of an event to the probability of its complement (-P)

Question 6

Define prevalence.

Answer 6

proportion of individuals in a population who have the attribute at a specific timepoint

Question 7

Define cumulative incidence.

Answer 7

proportion of the population with a new event during a given time period

Question 8

Define incidence rate.

Answer 8

count of new cases during the follow-up period, divided by the total person-time

Question 9

What is standardisation?

Answer 9

adjust measurements of frequency to facilitate comparisons

Question 10

List types of standardisation.

Answer 10

indirect

direct

Question 11

choose a standardisation approach:

requires that you know variable specific measures – such as age specific incidence in the institution or geography of interest – in order to conduct the standardisation?

Answer 11

direct standardisation

Question 12

choose a standardisation approach:

requires that you know a benchmark measure – such as national incidence rate – in order to conduct the standardisation by applying the national age-specific incidence against the age structure of the institution or geography of interest?

Answer 12

indirect standardisation

Question 13

If standardising incidence rate, outputs in units of count / time.

Answer 13

direct standardisation

Question 14

If standardising incidence rate, outputs as a standardised incidence ratio

Answer 14

indirect standardisation