Child Health Flashcards
contextualise child health in relation to lifestyle
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contextualise child health in relation to behaviour
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contextualise child health in relation to social
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contextualise child health in relation to environmental
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what does ACE stand for?
adverse childhood experience
ACEs include?
experiencing abuse or witnessing domestic abuse, having a close family member or caregiver misuses drugs or alcohol, with mental health problems, has served time in prison, experiencing parental separation or divorce on account of relationship breakdown
evidence behind impact of ACEs
strong associations w/ sexual risk taking, mental ill health, problematic alcohol use, strongest w/ problematic drug use, violence, excessive chronic activation of stress response > system dysregulation, affects epigenome and gene expression
effective lifestyle medicine with children and families normally focuses on?
nutrition
physical activity
techniques for lifestyle medicine consultation with children
opportunistic, sensitive, non-judgemental, strengths based approach, focus on barriers important to the child, relate to other children, engage parents, specific short term goals, daily routine, LEAP criteria activities
what does LEAP stand for?
local, enjoyable and practical
national child measurement programme
measures height and weight in reception (age 4 + 5) and year 6 (age 10 +11)
tier 1 BMI centile criteria
none
tier 1 offer
universal prevention
consultation w/ health professional
public health approaches
tier 2 BMI centile criteria
> 91st centile
tier 2 offer
intensive + community based
time-specific
public health approaches
tier 3 BMI centile criteria
> 99.6th centile or > 91st centile + co-morbidities/complex needs
tier 3 offer
specialist MDT
weight management clinics
longer term follow up
tier 4 BMI centile criteria
not available in children
tier 4 offer
surgical options
what is orexin?
neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite
there are higher levels of orexin in those who?
don’t need much sleep
effects of orexin
arousal state (cerebral cortex activation + LC neurons) autonomic fx food intake hormonal changes glucose control energy expenditure + metabolic rate
effect of age on sleep
sleep time decreases becomes more fragmented changes in type from 2 months = circadian, infants = ultraradian circadian rhythm delays in adolescents slowed melatonin sleep disorders e.g OSA, insomnia in adolescence, sleep walking, night terrors, sleep paralysis, nocturnal enuresis
