Global Health

Question 1

what is global health?

Answer 1

area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving health equity for all people worldwide

Question 2

current global communicable diseases

Answer 2

COVID-19 pandemic

Polio Global Eradication Initiative

Question 3

current global non- communicable diseases

Answer 3

mental health

Question 4

governance of global health

Answer 4

WHO

Question 5

what describes the role of national governments in global health?

Answer 5

international health regulations

Question 6

WHO is able to declare what?

Answer 6

Public Health Emergency of International Concern

Question 7

what is HDI?

Answer 7

human development index used by the UN to quantify development in general

Question 8

measures of development in HDI

Answer 8

knowledge (education + literacy)
healthy life (life expectancy)
standard of living (purchasing power parity)

Question 9

HDI groups countries into?

Answer 9

very high
high
medium
low

Question 10

list approaches of measuring human development

Answer 10

HDI
HIC + LMIC
global south

Question 11

how does HIC + LMIC measure development?

Answer 11

delineates between settings based on an objective measure of wealth

Question 12

the term ‘global south’ is used to denote?

Answer 12

countries where income tends to be low + are recently industrialising
many of these countries have a colonial history

Question 13

what does WASH stand for?

Answer 13

water, sanitation

and hygiene

Question 14

WASH - water

Answer 14

safe water for drinking, washing, domestic activities

fundamental human right

Question 15

infectious disease - water

Answer 15

water borne
water washed
water based
water related
disease caused by poor sanitation

Question 16

WASH - sanitation

Answer 16

safe removal of water inc. toilets and waste disposal

Question 17

what % of the world lacks safe water for drinking, washing, domestic activities?

Answer 17

30

Question 18

what % of the world lacks safe removal of water inc. toilets and waste disposal?

Answer 18

60

Question 19

WASH - hygiene

Answer 19

range of activities that encourage healthy behaviours practices

Question 20

WASH - related preventable diseases

Answer 20

diarrhoea
malaria
schistosomiasis
trachoma
intestinal helminths
Japanese encephalitis
hep A

Question 21

what are the sustainable development goals?

Answer 21

a package of goals launched by the UN in 2015 to be achieved by 2030, universal for all countries

Question 22

list examples of the sustainable development goals

Answer 22

no poverty, zero hunger, good health + wellbeing, quality education, gender equality, clean water + sanitation, affordable + clean energy, decent work + economic growth, industry + innovation + infrastructure, reduced inequalities, sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption and production, climate action, life below water, life on land, peace + justice and strong institutions, partnership for the goals

Question 23

name a means of quantifying gender equality and health system development

Answer 23

maternal mortality

Question 24

define maternal death

Answer 24

death of a woman while pregnant/within 42 days of termination of pregnancy from any cause by the pregnancy but not from accidental or incidental causes

Question 25

what % of maternal deaths are from LMICs?

Answer 25

95

Question 26

number of maternal deaths a year

Answer 26

300,000

Question 27

how is maternal mortality ratio measured?

Answer 27

no of deaths/no of live births per 100,000 live births

Question 28

maternal mortality ratio is used as a measure of?

Answer 28

how accessible/responsive/effective a health system is

Question 29

the degree to which a health system is responsive to women’s health is a measure of?

Answer 29

how politically invested a country is in achieving equal health outcomes for men + women

Question 30

what is planetary health?

Answer 30

emerging discipline that recognises our coexistence as human beings with the world around us

Question 31

effects of imbalance of human consumption and planetary sustainability

Answer 31

wealthy tend to consume whereas the poor tend to suffer the consequences

Question 32

what is antimicrobial resistance?

Answer 32

when antibiotics + antifungals + antivirals + antiparasitics become less effective over time as pathogens evolve

Question 33

consequences of antimicrobial resistance

Answer 33

^ incidence of multi drug resistant bacteria, may become impossible to do routine surgery, will hit those with least resources the hardest

Question 34

solutions to antimicrobial resistance

Answer 34

understanding the science behind antimicrobial resistance

reduce availability of all antibiotics + introduce more safeguards for broad spectrum ABx

Question 35

people involvement in combatting antimicrobial resistance

Answer 35

not just human health - veterinarians, agriculture, business, politicians
global effort