Measures of Development Flashcards
Gross National Product
How much money a country earns as a population, excluding business taxes, it shows the overall size of the economy
Problem of GNP
It does not take into account population size
Gross National Income per head
Total value of goods and services produced within a country, together with its income received from other countries, minus similar payments made to other countries
Human Development Index
Considers life expectancy, GNI and education to give a value between 0 and 1, 1 being the most developed includes both economic and social factors
Birth Rates
Babies are born per 1000 people in a population per year
Why do poorer countries tend to have higher birth rates?
Poorer countries have high replacement rates to compensate for high infant mortality, poorer access to family planning and contraception, and a tradition for large family size to supplement a largely agricultural workforce
Death Rates
How many people die per 1000 people in a population per year
Problem of death rates?
They fall due to imported medicine and technology in many poorer countries. It would be better to look at CAUSE of death, as in MEDCs it will be wealth and age related illnesses
Infant Mortality
How many babies die per 1,000 live births per year
Why’s infant mortality useful?
It looks at medical systems in the country and how well the most vulnerable in society are protected and looked after in their early years
People Per Doctor
How many people there are for every doctor in a country or place
Why’s people per doctor useful?
It looks at how much money is available in a country for the training and recruitment of doctors, which has a knock on effect on the well-being and quality of life of a person
Literacy Rate
Percentage of the country is able to read and write as adults, shows the standard of education
Access to Safe Water
What percentage of people have access to sanitary and safe water that is free from bacteria and parasites
Life Expectancy
The average age a person can expect to live to at birth
