Demographic Transition Model Flashcards
Birth Rate
Number of live babies born per 1,000 of the population per year
Death Rate
Number of deaths per 1,000 of the population per year
Natural Increase
Birth rate higher than death rate
Natural Decrease
Death rate higher than birth rate
2 problems with the DTM
Doesn’t take into account migration
Not all stages would be of equal length in reality
Stage 1
High and fluctuating BR and DR
0 population growth
Population size is low and steady
Stage 2
High and steady BR
Rapidly falling DR
Very high population growth rate
Rapidly increasing population
Stage 3
Rapidly falling BR
Slowly falling DR
High population growth rate
Increasing population
Stage 4 (most sustainable)
Low and fluctuating BR and DR
0 population growth rate
High and steady population size
Stage 5
Slowly falling BR
Low DR
Negative population growth rate
Slowly falling population size
Why are BR high in stages 1 and 2?
No contraception
People have lots of kids as many die
Lots of kids to work on the land
Why are DR high in stage 1?
Poor healthcare
Disease
Famine
War
Why is the population structure the way it is in stage 1?
Low life expectancy
Mainly young people
Why does DR fall in stage 2 and 3?
Improved healthcare means people live longer
Why does BR rapidly fall at stage 3?
Women are gaining status, focus on their careers
Use of contraception increases
Economy changes to manufacturing- fewer kids needed
