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Noorda OMM > ME - Contracture > Flashcards

ME - Contracture Flashcards

1
Q

What is muscle contraction

A

Shortening and/or development of tension in muscle

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2
Q

What is a contracted muscle

A

A physiological response to neuromuscular excitation that prevents the muscle from reaching its normal relaxed length

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3
Q

What is a contracture

A

Tightening or shortening of muscle leading to joint stiffness and restriction in motion

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4
Q

What does Sherrington’s law state

A

When one set of muscles is stimulated, muscles opposing them are simultaneously inhibited

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5
Q

What is the Golgi Tendon Organ

A

A spindle-shaped end organ within a tendon that provides information about muscle tension

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6
Q

What occurs during a concentric muscle contraction

A

The muscle contracts while the distance between origin and insertion decreases

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7
Q

What happens during an eccentric muscle contraction

A

The muscle contracts while the distance between origin and insertion increases

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8
Q

What defines isometric muscle contraction

A

The muscle contracts while maintaining the same length between origin and insertion

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9
Q

What is isotonic muscle contraction

A

The force of contracted muscle is maintained at the same amount throughout the contraction

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10
Q

What is isokinetic contraction

A

Concentric contraction against resistance with a constant angular rate of joint motion

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11
Q

What is isolytic contraction

A

Eccentric contraction where a stronger counterforce lengthens the muscle, often used for treating fibrotic or shortened tissues

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12
Q

What are monoarticular muscles

A

Muscles that cross one joint, often key in maintaining Type 2 segmental dysfunctions

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13
Q

What are polyarticular muscles

A

Muscles that cross multiple joints, often key in maintaining Type 1 group dysfunctions

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14
Q

What is the goal of post-isometric relaxation

A

Muscle relaxation

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15
Q

What is the proposed mechanism of post-isometric relaxation

A

After an isometric contraction, the neuromuscular apparatus enters a refractory state, allowing passive stretching without strong opposition

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16
Q

What is the first step in post-isometric relaxation

A

Position the bone, joint, or muscle at the feather edge of the restrictive barrier in all three planes

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17
Q

What should the patient do during post-isometric relaxation

A

Contract in the direction of ease for 3-5 seconds

18
Q

What is the role of the physician during post-isometric relaxation

A

Reposition to the feather edge of the new restrictive barrier after the patient relaxes

19
Q

What is joint mobilization using muscle force aimed at

A

Restoration of joint motion in articular dysfunction

20
Q

What is the mechanism behind joint mobilization using muscle force

A

Gapping or reseating distorted joint relations with reflex relaxation of hypertonic musculature

21
Q

What is the goal of reciprocal inhibition

A

To lengthen muscle shortened by cramp or acute spasm

22
Q

What triggers reciprocal inhibition

A

Gentle contraction of the antagonist muscle, causing reflex relaxation of the spastic muscle

23
Q

What is the crossed extensor reflex

A

A reflex where contraction in one limb results in the relaxation of the flexor and contraction of the extensor in the contralateral limb

24
Q

What is the goal of crossed extensor reflex

A

To treat muscles located in extremities that are severely injured and not directly manipulable

25
Q

What is the goal of isokinetic strengthening

A

To re-establish normal tone and strength in muscles weakened by reflex hypertonicity of the opposing muscle group

26
Q

What defines isokinetic strengthening

A

Isokinetic contraction where length change occurs at constant velocity, typically using concentric contractions

27
Q

What is the goal of isolytic lengthening

A

To lengthen muscle shortened by contracture and fibrosis

28
Q

What is the mechanism of isolytic lengthening

A

Vibration is used to affect myotatic units, with mechanical and circulatory effects

29
Q

What is the force of contraction in isolytic lengthening

A

Maximal contraction that can be comfortably resisted by the physician (30 to 50 lb)

30
Q

What is the goal of using muscle force to move one region of the body

A

Achieve movement of another bone or region

31
Q

What is the purpose of post-isometric relaxation repetition

A

Further stretching and lengthening the muscle

32
Q

What should be reassessed after post-isometric relaxation

A

The muscle and joint position after returning to neutral

33
Q

What is the purpose of joint mobilization

A

To reduce reflex hypertonicity and restore proper joint function

34
Q

What is the significance of the feather edge in muscle energy techniques

A

It is the initial point of resistance where the technique is applied

35
Q

What happens during muscle relaxation after contraction

A

The muscle can be passively stretched with less opposition

36
Q

What is the common use for isolytic contraction

A

Treatment of fibrotic or chronically shortened myofascial tissues

37
Q

What is the importance of Golgi Tendon Organs during muscle contraction

A

They provide feedback on muscle tension and trigger reflex relaxation

38
Q

What is the outcome of increased muscle tone compressing joint surfaces

A

Thinning of synovial fluid layer and adherence of joint surfaces

39
Q

What is the role of the physician in joint mobilization

A

To anchor and resist movement at one end while permitting motion at the dysfunction level

40
Q

What is the purpose of muscle energy techniques

A

To restore normal muscle length, joint mobility, and overall function

Noorda OMM (16 decks)

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