Me 2.8b Intelligence and Achievement: Assessing Intelligence Flashcards
Measure what someone knows
Example: A final exam in a history course assesses knowledge learned during the course
Achievement Tests
Predict how someone will perform in the future
Example: The SAT is designed to predict college readiness and potential academic success
Aptitude Tests
A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.
Intelligence tests
Believed smarts was hereditary and thus founded Eugenics
Francis Galton
The age associated with the level of performance capable by an average child that age. Thought up by Alfred Binet
Mental Age
A French psychologist that came up with the first widely used intelligence test.
Alfred Binet
Created the Stanford-Binet: An americanised version of Binet’s test.
Lewis Terman
Created the original Intelligence Quotient: Ratio of mental age to chronological age. Average chronological age being 100.
William Stern
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). Most widely used intelligence test. Uses similarities, Vocabulary, Block Design and Letter-number sequencing.
David Wechsler
The scientific study of measurements of human abilities, attitudes and traits.
Psychometric
Standardisable, reliable and valid
Psychometric properties of a psychological test
Consistent procedures and
environments ensure fairness in test administration and so it can be compared with others.
Example: Administering an IQ test in a quiet, controlled setting to ensure all participants have the same conditions
Standardisation
the observed rise in IQ
scores over the past several decades across the world
Factors contributing to this increase include higher socioeconomic status, better healthcare, and improved nutrition
The Flynn Effect
A test should yield similar results each time it is administered
Example: A reliable test will produce consistent scores for the same individual over multiple administrations
Reliability
A test must measure what it is designed to measure
Example: An intelligence test with high construct validity accurately assesses intellectual ability rather than unrelated skills
Validity
The extent to which a test samples the behaviour that is of interest
Content validity
The success with which a test predicts the behaviour it is designed to predict.
Predictive Validity
How much a test measures a concept or trait
Construct Validity
