McCally Flashcards
Public health accomplishments of 21st century
Water, food and milk sanitation, reduced crowding, improved nutrition, central heat with cleaner fuel
Environmental crisis
Population growth, habitat destruction (industrialization), resource depletion
Increases in CO2, nitrogen, UV, chemicals
Ecosystem health
We are part of an ecosystem, our health is proportional to the health of the ecosystem
Soil production, water cleansing, and pollination are done by ecosystem
Persistant organic pollutants
Endocrine disruption and carcinogens
Risk
Potential threat to human life
Risk analysis
How we assess, perceive, communicate and manage risk
Exposure
Intensity and duration of contact with substance or physical agent
Dose
How much is absorbed from exposure
Most important determinant of clinical disease
Exposure disease model
Exposure, dose absorbed, biological effect, clinical disease
Risk assessment (4)
1) Hazard identification
2) Exposure assessment
3) Dose-response assessment
4) Risk characterization
Hazard identification
Identify health hazards, characterize properties, environmental/biological fates, ability to cause disease
Exposure assessment
Estimating from air, food, water, contact
Dose-response assessment
Potential for disease by exposure/dose
Risk characterization
Toxicity, routes of exposure, dose-dependent assessment as estimate of effect on population
Carcinogenesis risk estimate models (3)
1) Tolerance distribution model
2) Mechanistic model
3) Time to tumor model
