MCAT Hormones Flashcards
Stimulates adrenal cortex to make and secrete glucocorticoids; Anterior pituitary
Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Involved in osmoregulation and vasodilation; Heart
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Decreases (tones down) blood calcium level; Thyroid
Calcitonin
Inhibit the perception of pain in the brain; Anterior pituitary
Endorphins
Increases blood glucose level and heart rate; Adrenal medulla
Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
Maintains female secondary sexual characteristics; Ovary/Placenta
Estrogen
Stimulates follicle maturation; spermatogenesis; Anterior pituitary
Follicle-stimulating (FSH)
Stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver, increases blood glucose; Pancreas
Glucagon
Increases blood glucose level and decreases protein synthesis; Adrenal Cortex
Glucocorticoids
Stimulates bone and muscle growth/lipolysis; Anterior pituitary
Growth hormone
Lowers blood glucose, increases glycogen stores; Pancreas
Insulin
Stimulates ovulation; testosterone synthesis; Anterior pituitary
Lueteinizing (LH)
Unclear in humans; Pineal
Melatonin
Increases water reabsorption in kidneys; Adrenal Cortex
Mineralocorticoids
Stimulates uterine contractions during labor, milk secretion during lactation; Hypothalamus stored in posterior pituitary
Oxytocin
Increases the blood calcium level; Parathyroid
Parathyroid hormone
Promotes growth/maintenance of endometrium; Ovary/Placenta
Progesterone
Stimulates milk production and secretion; Anterior pituitary
Prolactin
Supresses secretion of glucagon and insulin; Pancreas
Somatostatin
Maintains male secondary sexual characteristics; Testes
Testosterone
Stimulates T lymphocyte development; Thymus
Thymosin
Stimulates metabolic activity; Thyroid
Thyroid hormones (T4, T3)
Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormoes; Anterior pituitary
Thyroid-stimulating (TSH)
Stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys; Hypothalamus stored in posterior pituitary
Vasopressin (ADH)
