Matter and properties of matter Flashcards
Define matter
Anything that has mass and space.
Which two states of matter are considered fluids?
Liquid and gasses.
Use 4 properties to distinguish solids, liquids and gasses.
Solids have a definite shape, definite volume, high density and are slightly compressible, liquids have no definite shape, definite volume, mid to high density and are slightly compressible. Gasses have no definite shape, no definite volume, low density and are very compressible.
When you convert solids to liquids it’s known as:
Melting
When you convert liquids to gasses it’s known as:
Vaporization
When you convert solids to gasses it’s known as:
Sublimation
Which three phase change processes are considered endothermic processes?
Melting, Vaporization, Sublimation
When you convert liquids to solids it’s known as:
Freezing
When you convert gasses to liquids it’s known as:
Condensation
When you convert gasses to solids it’s known as:
Deposition
Which three phase change processes are considered exothermic processes?
Freezing, Condensation, Deposition
What is the name and properties of what’s generally considered the fourth state of matter?
Plasma: an ionized gas that can conduct electricity.
When you convert gasses to plasmas, what is it called? How does it work?
Ionization, when you add heat to gasses, sometimes electrons will be stripped off created an ionized gas or plasma
When you convert plasmas to gasses it’s known as:
Recombination
What’s the difference between physical and chemical properties? What are some examples?
Physical properties are properties that don’t affect the chemical identity of a substance. (Boiling point, melting point, Ductility (ability to become a wire), )
Chemical properties are properties that DO affect the chemical identity of a substance. (Flammability, Corrosive (ability to strip electrons away), Combustibility )
What are the intensive physical properties?
Colour, Density, Melting Point, Boiling Point, Conductivity, Malleability
What are the extensive physical properties?
Mass, Volume, Length, Shape
What are the three types of solids? Compare them.
Crystalline: Atoms/Ions/Molecules are arranged in a highly ordered and repeating manner called a crystal lattice. Examples: Salt, Diamond
Amorphous:
A random disordered structure. Example: Glass, Plastic
Polycrystalline:
Composed of multiple crystalline regions or grains each with their own crystal lattice. Grains are separated by grain boundaries.
What is a super critical fluid?
A super critical fluid is a state of matter that exists above the critical point, a combination of high pressure and high temperature. Here, it behaves as both a liquid and a gas.
