Matte D - del 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Talföljd konvergerar om

A

lim ak existerar

k->∞

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2
Q

Talföljd divergerar om

A

lim ak INTE existerar

k->∞

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3
Q

Aritmetisk talföljd

A

Konstant differens.

ak+1=ak+d => d=ak+1-ak

an=a1+(n-1)d
an+1=q^n*a1

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4
Q

Geometrisk talföljd

A

Konstant kvot.

ak+1=q*ak => ak+1/ak=q

an=a1q^(n-1)
an+1=q^n
a1

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5
Q

Summa och summatecknet namn

A

Summan av de n första termerna i … .

n
Σak
k=m

n&m=summationsgränser
ak=summand
k=summationsindex
Σ=summasymbolen

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6
Q

Summa räkneregler

Σ(ak+bk)=?

A

Σ(ak+bk)=Σak + Σbk

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7
Q

Summa räkleregler

Σ(c*ak)=?

A

Σ(cak)=cΣ(ak)

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8
Q

Aritmetisk summa

A

Sn=n(a1+(n-1)d/2)=n*(a1+an)/2

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9
Q

Geometrisk summa

A

Sn=a1* (1-q^n)/(1-q)= (a1-an+1)/(1-q)

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10
Q

Induktionsprincipen

A

Utsaga u(n)

  1. Basfall. u(1) sann.
  2. Induktionsantagande. u(p) =>3
  3. Induktionssteget. u(p+1) för alla p Z+

Enligt induktionsprincipen är u(n) sann för varje…

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11
Q

Serier

A


Σak
k=1

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12
Q

Konvergent serie

A

n
-Om delsummor konvergerar mot ett tal, dvs lim Sn= limΣak existerar
n->∞ k=1

-lim Σak = seriens summa (samma tecken som för serien)
n->∞ k=a

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13
Q

Divergent serie

A

n
-Delsummor konvergerar inte mot ett tal, dvs lim Sn≠ limΣak
n->∞ k=1

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14
Q

Aritmetisk serie

A

-Har aritmetisk talföljd ∞
-Den enda aritmetiska serie som konvergerar är Σ0
k=1

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15
Q

Geometrisk serie

A

∞ ∞ ∞
Σak konvergerar om och endast om -1

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