MATHS FORMULAE Flashcards
Circumference of circle
circumference = 2πr
Area of circle
πr 2
Surface area of cuboid
2(bh + bl + hl)
Volume of cuboid
hbl
Mean
percentage change =
% yield =
% error (uncertainty)
magnification
Rf
rate =
(Surface Area to Volume ratio )
ratio =
proportion of polymorphic gene loci
cardiac output =
heart rate × stroke volume
Respiratory quotient RQ
Microorganism population growth
N =
Efficiency of biomass transfers
efficiency=
Temperature coefficient (Q10)
Student’s t-test – Unpaired
Student’s t-test – Paired
Chi squared
Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient
Standard Deviation
Sd = Standard deviation (difference).
The Hardy-Weinberg Equations
Simpson’s Index
multiplicative rule
division rule
power rule
reciprocal rule
root rule
In mathematical terms, this graph can be expressed as:
y=
mx +c
m is the gradient of the graph, and c is the value of the intercept on the y-axis.
A graph showing a horizontal line parallel to the x-axis shows that the variable plotted on the y-axis is independent of the variable plotted on the x-axis. In mathematical terms, this relationship can be expressed as
A non-horizontal straight line shows that the variable plotted on the y-axis is proportional to the variable plotted on the x-axis, or
y∝x
In mathematical terms, this graph can be expressed as: y=mx +c
A curved graph that passes through the origin indicates that the variable plotted on the y-axis is proportional to a power of the variable plotted on the x-axis that is greater than 1, or
y∝x^n wheren>1
Logarithms are basically powers. If we take the following calculation: 10^2 = 100
this can be expressed as
the power of 10 that gives 100 is 2
or in formal notation log10 100 = 2
and we usually drop the 10 as it is assumed to be base 10 unless stated otherwise: log 100 = 2
Water Potential
Simpson’s Index of Diversity states:
