math Flashcards
you have a million dollars due to a lucrative career as a geoscientist. how would write this in a scientific notation?
10/6
how many times larger is the H+ concentration in lemon juice than black coffee?
1000x H+ than the black coffee
- each step is a 10x difference
you measure the salinity of a lagoon and find it to be 42.5%o. how would you express this value in percent?
4.25%
1 percent is 0.01
1 mille is 0.001
there are approximately 3.1 x 10 to the power of 4 undergraduates at ucla. how would you write the number in standard numeric form (i.e. not scientific notation)
31,000 undergraduates
you have a yard that is 10 m x 10 m. what is the area in square kilometers?
1000 m = 1 kilometer
10 m = 0.01 km
1 m = 0.001 km ; 10 m = 0.01
0.001 km times x 0.01 km
0.0001 sq km (10 to the power of negative 4)
you have a piece of basalt (density 3.0 g/cm to the power of 3) but don’t have a scale. instead you put it into a beaker filled with water to see how much water is displaces. the rock displaces 4 mL. what is the mass of the rock?
mass = density x volume
4 mL = 4 cm to the power of 3
3.0 g/cm to the power of 3 times 4 cm to the power of 3
= 12 g
on a map, the vertical scale is 2 cm/km, which the horizontal scale is 1 cm/10 km. what is the vertical exaggeration?
vertical scale = 2 cm/1 km - 2 cm/km
horizontal scale = 1 cm/10 km = 0.1/km
scale = 2/0.1 - exaggerated by 20 times
give the formula for residence time. what units does residence time have?
residence time = amount of element in the ocean/element’s rate of removal (or addition) from the ocean
- input and output
units = grams
you are trying to find the spreading rate along a mid ocean ridge. you determine that the age of of oceanic crust 400 km away from the ridge is 15 million years old. what is the spreading rate in cm/yr?
400 km = 400,000 m = 40,000,000 cm
40,000,000 cm/15,000,000 yr =
2.67 cm/yr
1 km = 1 x 10 to the power of 7 cm
1 mya = 1 x 10 to the power of 6 yr
