Maternal & Child Nursing (Intro) Flashcards
Care of women during childbirth
Obstetrics Nursing
derived from the Greek word Obstare (to keep watch)
Obstetrics Nursing
refers to the child
Pediatrics
came from the Greek word pais meaning child
Pediatrics
Involves the care of woman and family throughout pregnancy and child birth and the health promotion and illness care of women, children and families
Maternal and Child Health Nursing
Framework for Maternal and Child Health Nursing Care
- Nursing process
- Nursing theory
- Quality & Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
scientific form of solving problem, serve basis for assessing, making a nursing diagnosis, planning, implementing and evaluating care
Nursing process
are designed to offer helpful ways to view patients so nursing activities can be created to best meet patient needs
Nursing theory
Serve as a framework for nurses to provide appropriate health care interventions for nontraditional mothers in order for them to develop a strong maternal identity
Maternal Role Attainment Theory (Ramona T. Mercer)
4 stages of Acquisition
- Anticipatory
- Formal
- Informal
- Personal
Stage of acquisition where it is the social and psychological adaptation to the maternal role. This includes learning expectations and can involve fantasizing about the role of the mother.
Anticipatory
Stage of acquisition where it is the assumption of the maternal role at birth. In this stage, behaviors are guided by others in the mother’s social system or network, and relying on the advice of others in making decisions
Formal
Stage of acquisition where the mother develops her own methods of mothering which are not conveyed by a social system
Informal
Stage of acquisition where it is the joy of motherhood. The mother finds harmony, confidence, and competence in the maternal role. In some cases, she may find herself ready for or looking forward to another child.
Personal
Stresses the importance of a nurse/patient to adapt to change cause by illness and other stressors. A person is holistic adaptive system in constant interaction with external and internal environment. The main task of the human system is to maintain integrity in the face of environmental stimuli. The goal is to foster successful adaptation.
ADAPTATION MODEL OF NURSING (SISTER CALLISTA ROY)
Examine the ability of the patient to perform self-care.
SELF-CARE DEFICIT THEORY (DOROTHEA OREM)
Describes how nurses move from novice to expert
PATRICIA BENNER’S THEORY (FROM NOVICE TO EXPERT)
This would be a nursing student in his or her first year of clinical education; behavior in the clinical setting is very limited and inflexible. have a very limited ability to predict what might happen in a particular patient situation. (From Novice to Expert)
Stage 1: Novice
Those are the new grads in their first jobs; nurses have had more experiences that enable them to recognize recurrent, meaningful components of a situation. They have the knowledge and the know-how but not enough in-depth experience. (From Novice to Expert)
Stage 2: Advanced Beginner
These nurses lack the speed and flexibility of proficient nurses, but they have some mastery and can rely on advance planning and organizational skills (From Novice to Expert)
Stage 3: Competent
At this level, nurses are capable to see situations as “wholes” rather than parts. Proficient nurses learn from experience what events typically occur and are able to modify plans in response to different events. (From Novice to Expert)
Stage 4: Proficient
Nurses who are able to recognize demands and resources in situations and attain their goals. These nurses know what needs to be done. They no longer rely solely on rules to guide their actions under certain situations (From Novice to Expert)
Stage 5: Expert
A person comprises subsystems that must remain in balance for optimal functioning. Any actual or potential threat to this system balance is a nursing concern.
Behavioral Systems Model (Dorothy Johnson)
Nursing is a process of action, reaction, interaction and transaction; needs are identified based on client’s social system, perceptions, and health; the role of the nurse is to help the client achieve goal attainment.
Goal Attainment Theory (Imogene King)
The essence of nursing is care. To provide care, the nurse focuses on the study and analysis of different cultures with respect to caring behavior.
Transcultural Nursing Theory (Madeleine Leininger)
an inability to perform certain daily functions as a result of physical/mental impairment such as surgery, recovery or age-related mobility issues
Self-care Deficit
The role of the nurse is viewed as changing or structuring elements of the environment such as ventilation, temperature, odors, noise and light to put the client into the best opportunity for recovery.
Environmental Theory (Florence Nightingale)
A person is an open system that interacts with the environment; nursing is aimed at reducing stressors through primary, secondary and tertiary preventions.
Systems Model (Betty Neuman)
The focus of the nurse is interaction with the client; effectiveness of care depends on the client’s behavior and the nurse’s reaction to that behavior. The client should define his or her own needs.
Nursing Process Theory (Ida Jean Orlando)
Nursing is a human science. Health is a lived experience. Man-living- health as a single unit guides practice.
The Humanbecoming Theory (Rosemarie Rizzo Parse)
The promotion of health is viewed as the forward movement of the personality; this is accomplished through an interpersonal process that includes orientation, identification, exploitation and resolution.
Interpersonal Relations Theory (Hildegard Peplau)
The purpose of nursing is to move the client toward optimal health; the nurse should view the client as whole and constantly changing and help people to interact in the best way possible with the environment.
Unitary Human Beings Theory (Martha Roger)
the overall goal is to address the challenge of preparing future nurses with the abilities necessary to continuously improve the quality and safety of the healthcare systems in which they work.
Quality & Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
QSEN COMPETENCIES
- Patient-centered care
- Teamwork & collaboration
- Evidenced-based practice
- Quality Improvement
- Safety
- Informatics
Philosophy of Maternal and Child Health
- MCN is family centered
- MCN is community centered
- MCN is evidence-based
- MCN is a challenging role for nurses
basic unit of the society
Family
two or more people who live in the same household, share common emotional bond, and perform certain interrelated social tasks.
Family
Classification of family
- Family of Orientation
- Family of Procreation
family into which people are born and in which the major part of their socialization takes place.
Family of Orientation
a family established by his/her marriage consists of husband, wife, sons and daughters.
Family of Procreation
Types of Family
- Nuclear Family
- Dyad/Childless Family
- Cohabitation Family
- Extended Family
- Single-parent Family
- Blended Family
- Lgbt Family
- Foster Family
- Adoptive Family
composed of two parents and children.
Nuclear Family
two people living together without children.
Dyad/Childless Family
couples with children, who live together but remain unmarried.
Cohabitation Family
includes not only family but also other family members such as grandmothers, grandfathers, aunts, uncles, cousins and grandchildren.
Extended Family
comprised of a parent and one or more dependent children without the presence and support of a spouse or adult partner who is sharing the responsibility of parenting.
Single-parent Family
a divorced or widowed person with children marries someone who has children.
Blended Family
lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender couples live together as partners for companionship, financial security and sexual fulfillment or form the same structure as a nuclear family.
LGBT Family
children whose parents can no longer care for them may be placed in a foster or substitute home by a child protection agency.
Foster Family
isa family that raises a child who is not biologically related to them
Adoptive Family
Phases of Health Care
- Health Promotion
- Health Maintenance
- Health Restoration
- Health Rehabilitation
WHO define as a process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.
Health Promotion
preventing disease from developing; promoting healthy lifestyle (stages of health promotion)
Primary
screening to find early indicators (stages of health promotion)
Secondary
minimizing disability from acute/chronic illness/ injury and allowing for most productive life within limitations. (stages of health promotion)
Tertiary
intervening to maintain health when risk of illness is present.
Health maintenance
using conscientious assessment to be certain that symptoms of illness are identified and interventions are begun to return patient to wellness most rapidly.
Health restoration
the action of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy after illness.
Health rehabilitation
Has 13 targets
SDG 3
aims to achieve universal health coverage, that seeks equitable access of healthcare services to all men and women.
SDG 3
is essential to sustainable development and the2030 Agenda.
Good health
