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Reproduction Physiology > Maternal and Perinatal Mortality > Flashcards

Maternal and Perinatal Mortality Flashcards

1
Q

Maternal Mortality definition

A

Death of a women whilst pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy (irrespective of duration or site of pregnancy), from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management, but not from accidental or incidental causes

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2
Q

Maternal morbidity definition

A

Severe health complications occurring in pregnancy and delivery not resulting in death

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3
Q

Maternal Mortality Ratio definition

A

Number of maternal deaths during time period per 100,000 live births during the same period

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4
Q

What does the maternal mortality ratio represent?

A

The risks associated with pregnancy

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5
Q

Maternal mortality Rate definition

A

Number of maternal deaths in a given time period per 100,000 women of reproductive age, or women-years risk exposure in the same time period

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6
Q

What does the maternal mortality rate represent?

A

The obstetric risk and ALSO the frequency at which women are exposed to that risk

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7
Q

Lifetime risk of maternal death definition

A

Probability of maternal death during a women’s reproductive life, usually expressed in terms of odds

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8
Q

What does the lifetime risk of maternal death measure

A

Womens risk of becoming pregnant as well as the womens risk of dying when pregnant

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9
Q

Proportionate mortality rate definition

A

maternal deaths as a proportion of all female deaths of those of reproductive age - usually defined as 15-49 years - in a given time period

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10
Q

Types of methods for measuring methods for maternal deaths

A

Facility based

Population/Community based

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11
Q

Facility based methods for measuring maternal deaths

A

Health info systems
Registries
Maternal Death review
Audit (critical incident/criterion based)

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12
Q

Population/Community based methods for measuring maternal deaths

A

Notification by law
Vital registration
Census
Survey surveillance (sisterhood method, verbal autopsy)

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13
Q

What is the sisterhood method?

A

Going into public areas and asking people about the maternal status of sisters

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14
Q

Types of maternal deaths

A

Direct deaths
Indirect deaths
Late deaths

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15
Q

Direct deaths definition

A

Those related to obstetric complications during pregnancy, labour or puerperium (6 weeks) or resulting from any treatment received (87%)

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16
Q

Indirect deaths definition

A

Those associated with a disorder, the effect of which is exacerbated by pregnancy (13%) e.g malaria

17
Q

Late deaths definition

A

Occur >42 days after the end of pregnancy but within 1 year

18
Q

Top Causes of maternal deaths worldwide

A 
haemorrhage 
sepsis
hypertensive disorders
obstructed labour
safe abortion 
indirect
19
Q

The 3 Delays Model involves

A
  1. Delay in the decision to seek care
  2. Delay in reaching care
  3. Delay in receiving care
20
Q

Delay in a decision to seek care involves

A

lack of understanding of complications
acceptance of maternal death
socio-cultural barriers to seeking care
low social status of women

21
Q

Delay in reaching care involves

A

geographical e.g. mountains and rivers

lack of transport

22
Q

Delay in receiving care involves

A

supplies

poorly trained personell with punitive attitude

23
Q

How can we prevent maternal mortality?

A

antenatal care
skilled attendant at birth
emergency obstetric care

24
Q

Antepartum stillbirth definition

A

Dies before birth, still in the womb

25
Q

Intrapartum stillbirth definition

A

Dies whilst being born

26
Q

Still born definition

A

Birth of a dead baby after 20/24/28 weeks of gestation weighing more than 500g

27
Q

Cut off gestation for still born definition

A

24 weeks

28
Q

Early neonatal death definition

A

Death of a baby within the first week of life

29
Q

Late neonatal death definition

A

Death of a baby within the first 28 days of life

30
Q

Perinatal mortality includes

A

Stillbirth and neonatal mortality

31
Q

Infant mortality definition

A

Death of an infant within the 1st year of life

32
Q

Child mortality definition

A

Death of a child within the first 5 years of life

33
Q

Essential newborn care package involves

A

ensure baby is breathing
start on breastfeeding straight away
keeping the baby warm
wash hands before touching the baby

Reproduction Physiology (13 decks)

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