Basic Physiology of Female Repro System

Question 1

Where does fertilisation usually occur?

Answer 1

Distal 1/3rd of tube

Question 2

When does the endometrium shed?

Answer 2

When the levels of progesterone and oestrogen are low

Question 3

How many days is in the fixed part of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 3

14 days in

Question 4

Which hormone triggers ovulation?

Answer 4

LH

Question 5

Dual role of oestrogen

Answer 5

1. Low oestrogen concentration –> negative feedback

2. High oestrogen concentration –> positive feedback

Question 6

GnRH meaning

Answer 6

gonadotrophin releasing hormone

Question 7

Positive feedback of the cycle occurs at which days

Answer 7

during days 12-14

Question 8

Negative feedback of the cycle occurs

Answer 8

throughout most of the cycle

Question 9

two phases of the ovarian cycle

Answer 9

1. Follicular Phase

2. Luteal Phase

Question 10

Hormones that high levels at ovulation

Answer 10

LH
FSH (slight surge)
Oestrogen

Question 11

3 phases of the uterine cycle

Answer 11

1. 0 days = menses
2. 7 days = proliferative phase
3. 14 days = secretory phase

Question 12

Physiology of the ovarian cycle in the follicular phase

Answer 12

1. Primary follicle
2. Theca
3. Antrum
   THEN OVULATION

Question 13

Physiology of the ovarian cycle in the luteal phase

Answer 13

OVULATION

4. corpus luteum formation
5. corpus luteum matures
6. corpus albicans

Question 14

Role of GnRH

Answer 14

stimulates LH and FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary

Question 15

Role of LH from anterior pituitary

Answer 15

Maintains dominant follicle 
Induces follicular maturation and ovulation 
stimulates Corpeus luteum function 
Triggers ovulation 
Controls the secretion of progesterone

Question 16

Role of FSH from anterior pituitary

Answer 16

Stimulate follicular recruitment and development

Question 17

Another name for oestradiol

Answer 17

oestrogen

Question 18

What cells is oestradiol released from

Answer 18

Granulosa cells

Question 19

Role of oestrogen

Answer 19

supports female secondary sexual characteristics

negative feedback control of LH and GnRH except for late follicular phase

Positive control of LH surge

Stimulates proliferative endometrium

Question 20

Systemic effects of oestrogens

Answer 20

Protein metabolism 
Carbohydrate metabolism 
Lipid metabolism 
water and electrolyte balance 
Blood clotting

Question 21

What hormone is responsible for the inhibition of lactation?

Answer 21

Progesterone

Question 22

What is another name for the dominant follicle?

Answer 22

Graafian Follicle

Question 23

Function of prolactin

Answer 23

promotes lactation in women after childbirth