Materials and their working properties Flashcards
What is absorbency?
The ability of a material to take in or soak up something usually a liquid, but sometimes heat and light
Examples of materials that are generally good absorbers of liquid
Papers, boards and natural fibres
What is a physical property?
They relate to the actual material
List the five physical properties
Absorbency density, fusability, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity
What is. Density
Materials mass per unit volume (how compact it is!)
How is density commonly measured
In g/cm cubed or KG/centimetre cubed
Give an example of a dense material
Metals are usually dense
What is fusibility
The ability of a material to be converted into molten or liquid state through heating
Describe the properties of a material that has been converted into the molten state
They have a low, melting point and have a high fusibility
Give an example of material with high fusibility
Solder. It is used to fuse together materials because it’s melts before the metal been joined melts
What is electrical conductivity?
The ability of a material to conduct electricity
Give an example of a good electrical conductor and a poor electrical conductor
Metals are generally good electrical conductors.
Plastics tend to be poor conductors, so they are called insulators
What happens as a result of a poor conductor being paired with a good conductor of Electrical energy
Electrical wiring is often made from copper that is in case I a flexible plastic
What is thermoconductivity?
We ability of a material to conduct heat
Give an example of a good thermal conductor and a poor thermal conductor
Metals are good, thermal conductors and plastic up for thermal conductors
What is the result of adding a poor thermal conductor and a good thermal conductor together
Example a frying pan as they’re often made from aluminium with plastic handles
What are working properties?
They relate to how much a material responds to external forces and/or conditions
List the six working properties
Strength, hardness, toughness, malleability, ductility, and elasticity
What is elasticity?
The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched, bent or compressed
What is ductility?
The ability of a material to be stretched or pulled into a strand without breaking
What is malleability?
The ability of a material to be bent and shaped without breaking
What is toughness?
The ability of a material to absorb energy without fracturing
What is hardness?
The ability of a material to resist wear, abrasion, scratching or denting
What is strength?
The ability of a material to withstand force without breaking
Give five examples of forces (strength)
Pressure tension compression sheer or torsion
What might materials be in terms of strength? And eg
Strong and one force but weak in another
Eg: Concrete is strong in compression, but weak in tension
How are papers and board classified?
Classified based on their weight in grams per square metre (gsm)
Anything under what weight is generally considered a paper
Under 200 GSM
Anything over the weight of 200 GSM is considered what
To be aboard
What are papers and boards made from?
Natural fibres (cellulose) from wood and recycled waste paper
What are the five types of paper?
Bleed proof paper
cartridge paper
grid paper
layout paper
tracing paper
What are the physical properties of bleed proof paper?
A smooth, thick paper that prevents ink from seeping and bleeding
