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GCSE DT > Energy, generation and storage > Flashcards

Energy, generation and storage Flashcards

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1
Q

What are fossil fuels?

A

Fossil fuels are non renewable natural resources formed from the remains of organisms

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2
Q

How is electricity Typically produced?

A

Fossil fuels are usually burned in power stations

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3
Q

List the three main types of fossil fuel

A

Oil, coal and gas

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4
Q

What has led to a big shift away from fossil fuels towards renewable sources?

A

Declining reserves and links to climate change

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5
Q

Advantages of fossil fuels

A

1.generate large amounts of energy.
2. provide a reliable supply of energy

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6
Q

Disadvantages of fossil fuels

A
  1. Release greenhouse gases, which cause pollution and contribute to global warming
  2. Will eventually run out
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7
Q

What is renewable energy?

A

It is a non-finite making it the most sustainable form of energy.

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8
Q

What are the issues of renewable energy?

A

there are several issues concerning its reliability and initial set up costs.

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9
Q

How can wind be used to create energy?

A

Generators in wind turbines convert the winds kinetic energy into electricity

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10
Q

How can solo be used to create energy?

A

Solar panels are used to convert, the suns energy into electricity

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11
Q

How can tidal be used to create energy?

A

Turbines, convert kinetic energy in water, currents and tides into electricity

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12
Q

How can hydroelectric be used to create energy?

A

As trapped water is released from dams , it’s kinetic energy turns electric turbines

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13
Q

How can biomass be used to create energy?

A

Organic material, such as animal waste or crops are burned for energy or processed in to biofuel

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14
Q

What are the five main types of renewable energy?

A

Wind, solar, tidal, hydroelectric, and biomass

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15
Q

Advantages of wind energy

A

When produces no greenhouse gases once turbines have been set up, energy is cheap

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16
Q

Disadvantages of wind energy

A

Set up costs are high. Turbines are considered unsightly and cause noise pollution

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17
Q

Advantages of solar energy

A

Solar energy produces no greenhouse gases once panels have been set up.Energy is cheap.

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18
Q

Disadvantages of solar energy

A

No electricity is generated when there is no sunlight
solar panels are expensive

19
Q

Advantages of tidal energy

A

Tides are guaranteed predictable and produce no greenhouse gases

20
Q

Disadvantages of tidal energy

A

Tidal barrages are costly to build, and can disrupt ecosystems

21
Q

Advantages of biomass energy

A

Biomass is affordable and renewable. Every sources are replaced e.g. trees are re-planted.

22
Q

Advantages of biomass energy

A

Biomass is affordable and renewable. Every sources are replaced e.g. trees are re-planted.

23
Q

Disadvantages of biomass energy

A

Burning biomass releases, CO2 also using with the fuel can lead to deforestation

24
Q

Disadvantages of biomass energy

A

Burning biomass releases, CO2 also using with the fuel can lead to deforestation

25
Q

How can energy be made by nuclear power?

A

Nuclear power stations work in a similar way to other power stations, but heat is generated by splitting uranium atoms in nuclear reactors

26
Q

Advantages of nuclear power to create energy

A

Very efficient, generates a lot of electricity and produces far less greenhouse gases than fossil fuels

27
Q

What are kinetic pump storage systems used for?

A

To manage energy supply

28
Q

What happens when the demand for energy is low in kinetic pumped storage systems?

A

Excess energy produced by power stations is used to pump water from a low reservoir to a high reservoir

29
Q

Why are energy storage systems needed?

A

To store electricity into required as demand for energy fluctuates

30
Q

What happens when energy demand peaks in kinetic pump storage systems?

A

Water stored in the higher reservoir is released through turbines to generate extra electricity and the water is then back to the High reservoir when energy demand drops again

31
Q

What happens when energy demand peaks in kinetic pump storage systems?

A

Water stored in the higher reservoir is released through turbines to generate extra electricity and the water is then back to the High reservoir when energy demand drops again

32
Q

Eg of when energy demand is low….

A

At night time

33
Q

Eg of when energy demand is high….

A

At breakfast time

34
Q

Eg of when energy demand is high….

A

At breakfast time

35
Q

What do batteries do to produce energy?

A

Battery store energy into chemical form and convert it to electrical energy when needed

36
Q

Why are ordinary dry cell batteries not rechargeable?

A

Because the reactants inside of them are consumed in chemical reactions, the output from these batteries gradually falls

37
Q

What happens to a battery once all of the reactants have been consumed

A

The batteries go flat and cannot supply electrical energy anymore

38
Q

Describe alkaline batteries

A

Alkaline batteries are usually disposable and cannot be reused once flat delete less than other types of battery and lost a long time

39
Q

What are alkaline batteries Best used for as they cannot be recharged.

A

They are best used in devices that do not use much power, e.g. clocks and smoke detectors

40
Q

What happens to the output of alkaline batteries?

A

That output gradually falls over time

41
Q

Describe rechargeable batteries

A

They can be recharged and reused, so they are better for the environment that alkaline batteries

42
Q

What does charging a battery do?

A

It reverses the chemical reaction that occurred when it was used

43
Q

Describe the output of rechargeable batteries

A

They maintain a constant output until they go flat and a best suited to high powered items. E.g. car, batteries and mobile phones.

44
Q

What do batteries contain?

A

Toxic chemicals that can harm the environment. This is why it is important that they are recycled or disposed of correctly.

GCSE DT (6 decks)

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