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GCSE DT > Development and new materials > Flashcards

Development and new materials Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the properties of graphene?

A

transparent,
very strong and light
an excellent conductor of heat and electricity

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2
Q

What are the uses of graffiti?

A

1.protective equipment and clothing
2.can be mixed with paint to protect materials from corrosion
3.ideal material for use in Solar cells due to its transparency and conductive properties

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3
Q

What are metal foams?

A

Metals are injected with air whilst in liquid state

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4
Q

What are the properties of metal foams?

A

They are lightweight.
Strong under compression so absorb energy well.
Low thermal conductivity

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5
Q

Uses of metal foams?

A

Prosthetics
Ideal for use in soundproofing and crash protection in vehicles due to its ability to absorb energy

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6
Q

What is titanium?

A

A metal that has historically been difficult to extract, refine and process

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7
Q

What are the properties of titanium?

A

High strength to weight ratio
Corrosion resistant.
Can withstand extreme temperatures.
Expensive

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8
Q

Uses of titanium

A

Prosthetics
Ideal for use in aircraft and spacecraft due to its resistance to corrosion and high strength to weight ratio.
Often Alloyed with other metals

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9
Q

How come properties of metals be improved?

A

By adding a coating of another material

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10
Q

How can coating a metal with another material improve its properties?

A

It’s often increases strength and resistant to corrosion

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11
Q

Examples of coated metals

A

Nickel plated steel
Polymer, coated aluminium.
Galvanise steel (applying a protective zinc coating)

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12
Q

What are LCDs?

A

Flat panel displays that use liquid crystals to control, light emission, and create an image

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13
Q

What does LCD stand for?

A

Liquid-crystal displays

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14
Q

What happens when voltage is applied to liquid crystals in LCDs

A

They change shape and allow different levels of light to pass through, thereby creating an image

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15
Q

What do you nano materials contain?

A

They contain particles less than 100 nm in size and have different properties to large particles of the same material

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16
Q

What are the properties of nano materials?

A

They have a large surface area to volume ratio, which can improve properties such as strength, conductivity and reactivity

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17
Q

What happens to the properties of smart materials?

A

They change in response to external stimuli, such a stress, temperature and moisture or pH

18
Q

What does SMA stand for?

A

Shape memory alloys

19
Q

What are SMAs?

A

They are metal alloys with memory properties they can return to the original shape after being deform through heating or applying an electrical current

20
Q

Give an example of an SMA

A

Nitinol, an alloy of nickel and titanium

21
Q

What do thermochromic pigments do?

A

They change colour in response to changes in temperature in thermochromic liquid crystals, crystals, re-orientate as the temperature changes causing a change in colour.

22
Q

What do photochromic pigments do?

A

They change colour in response to changes in light levels. They can be used in glasses, so the lenses get lighter or darker depending on light levels.

23
Q

What are composite materials made from?

A

Made from two or more materials, often ones with contrasting properties

24
Q

What kind of been in the properties of two different materials lead to?

A

The development of new and improved materials

25
Q

Give an example of a composite material

A

Concrete is one of the most common composite materials

26
Q

What does GRP stand for?

A

Glass reinforced plastic

27
Q

What is glass reinforced plastic?

A

It combines glass fibres with a thermosetting plastic to create a lightweight, strong and resistant material

28
Q

Give an example of where glass reinforced plastic are used

A

They are used in both holes and carbodies

29
Q

What does CRP stand for?

A

Carbon reinforced plastic

30
Q

What Is carbon reinforced plastic

A

It combines carbon fibres with a thermosetting plastic

31
Q

Compare carbon reinforced plastic to glass reinforced plastic

A

It is more rigid, stronger and lighter than GRP, but it is more expensive and brittle

32
Q

What is technical textiles?

A

When some textiles are manufactured for functionality rather than aesthetics

33
Q

Give an example of a technical textile

A

Kevlar is a strong, synthetic textile with a high tensile strength to weight ratio

34
Q

What is Kevlar are often used in

A

Protective armour

35
Q

What are conductive textiles?

A

They conduct electricity metal fibres are either spun into the fabric or metal base. Powders are impregnated into the fabric.

36
Q

What are fire resistant fabrics?

A

They are flame resistance, built into the chemical structures to protect the wearer

37
Q

Give an example of fire resistant fabrics

A

Nomex

38
Q

Describe the properties of microfibres

A

They are breathable and durable, so often use in sports clothing.

39
Q

What can all microfibres have?

A

They can also be microencapsulated to incorporate tiny capsules that are capable of holding substances over time, the capsules rupture, releasing the contents.

40
Q

Give an example of what microencapsulated microfibres can be used for

A

Stents, therapeutic, oils and insecticides

GCSE DT (6 decks)

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