Materials and Construction Flashcards
1
Q
The behaviour of visco-elastic material is time dependent. This behaviour is common in __________ materials.
A
non-crystalline organic polymeric.
2
Q
Coke oven regenerators are made of __________ bricks.
A
fire clay
3
Q
Which of the following is universally employed as the low expansion metal in the bimetallic thermometer, which is an iron-nickel alloy containing 36% nickel and has very low co-efficient of expansion (l/20th of ordinary metals) ?
A
Invar
4
Q
Shock resisting steels should possess high
A
toughness
5
Q
The purpose of nitriding the steel is to
A
harden its surface.
6
Q
Ceramic recuperates are generally made of
A
silicon carbide.
7
Q
Hammers and railway rails are normally made of
A
high carbon steel
8
Q
Softness of silver can be converted into hardness by alloying it with small quantity of
A
copper & nickel
9
Q
The addition of antimony in tin-based alloys improves its
A
deformation resistance.
10
Q
The melleability of a material is the property by virtue of which it can be rolled or hammered into thin sheets. Which of the following materials has the miximum malleability ?
A
Lead
11
Q
The main purpose of galvanizing iron sheets is to
A
prevent the action of water.
12
Q
The impure iron (pig iron) that is tapped out from blast furnace contains about __________ percent carbon.
A
4
13
Q
Invar used in thermocouples is an alloy of nickel and
A
iron
13
Q
Nickel (56%) and molybdenum (17%) alloys are called
A
hastealloy C
14
Q
Lead pipes are not safe for carrying drinking water because water containing dissolved oxygen attacks lead thereby forming poisonous Pb (OH)2. Lead pipes are readily corroded by
A
acetic acid
15
Q
Constituents of stellite are
A
cobalt, chromium and tungsten.
16
Q
Residual magnetism in steel for magnets is increased by the addition of
A
cobalt
17
Q
Presence of nickel in steel improves its
A
corrosion resistance.
18
Q
Cementite is
A
all (a), (b) and (c).
19
Q
Sulphur melting pit in the sulphuric acid plant is made of
A
steel or cement-brick lined.
20
Q
Acetylene gas holder is made of
A
steel
21
Q
The hardest material just prior to diamond in Mho’s scale is
A
corrundum
22
Q
Percentage elongation of a material is a measure of its
A
ductility
23
Q
Chlorination of benzene is done to produce benzene hexachloride (a pesticide) in a photochemical reactor lined with
A
lead or glass
24
Heavy duty bearings are usually made of
white metal
25
Dielectric strength of a material is
its capacity to withstand high voltage.
26
Which of the following stainless steels is non-magnetic ?
Austenitic
27
18-4-1 high speed steel contains 18%, 4% and 1% respectively of
tungsten, chromium and vanadium
28
Aluminium as a material of construction suffers from the disadvantage of
rather low tensile strength.
29
Babbit metal used for bearings is a____base alloy.
tin
30
18/8 steel is a/an __________ stainless steel.
austenitic
31
Cast iron has very high
compressive strength
32
Liquid ammonia is shipped in __________ containers.
glass
33
Cermets are __________ materials.
refractory
34
Cast irons are generally specified by their
tensile strength
35
Austenitic manganese steel used for making jaws of crushing machines contains about __________ percent manganese.
12-14
36
White cast iron is not
malleable
37
Galvanised iron is
protected from rusting
38
German silver used for decorative purposes contains maximum percentage of
copper
39
The metals occurring at the lower most position in the electromotive series
resist corrosion very strongly.
40
German silver in an alloy of
copper, nickel and zinc.
41
A suitable material of construction to use with fuming sulphuric acid is
monel
42
Which of the following crystal structures characterises the austenitic stainless steel?
Face centred cubic
43
Caustic soda is produced in a mercury cell having anode and cathode made respectively of moving mercury and
graphite and moving mercury
44
Addition of __________ in steel can help in increasing the depth of hardness.
tungsten
45
Which of the following has the highest compressive strength ?
High carbon steel
46
Zinc is not used
as an alloying element in various bronzes.
47
Refined acetic acid storage vessel are made of
aluminum
48
Addition of __________ to the steel helps in increasing the residual magnetism in steel used for making magnets.
cobalt
49
Constantan is an alloy of
Cu (55%) & Ni (45%)
50
Babbit metals used for making bearings are
tin or lead based alloys.
51
Pipes for bi-cycle frames are made of __________ steel.
cold rolled
52
Which of the following materials may prove unsuitable for handling acetic acid (glacial & anhydrous) at 40°C ?
Brass, cast iron, mild steel and tin.
53
__________ possesses viscoelastic properties.
Rubber
54
Interchain forces are the weakest in case of
both rubber & elastomers
Answer: Option
55
Steel tower used for the storage of oleum
need not be lined.
56
Plastics are
non-biodegradable
57
Acetaldehyde is produced by hydration of acetylene in a sulphuric acid solution of mercuric sulphate. Hydration tower is made of
rubber lined mild steel
58
Wood is corroded by
all of the above
59
Brass is an alloy of
copper and zinc
60
Lead
can not be work hardened.
61
Photographic plates are coated with
silver halide
62
Cast iron has
elastic limit close to ultimate breaking strength.
63
Locomotive boiler tubes are made of __________ alloys.
arsenic copper
64
Slow and progressive deformation of a material with time under constant stress is called
creep
65
Which of the following heat treatment processes is used for softening the hardened material ?
Tempering
66
Which of the following mechanical properties of a material is most structure insensitive ?
Modulus of elasticity (young's modulus).
67
Mercury is transported in metal containers made of
iron
68
Which of the following would not be a suitable material of construction for handling aqueous hydrofluoric acid (HF) at 100°C ?
Stainless steel
69
The range of Mho's scale of hardness is from
l to10
70
SO3 is absorbed using H2SO4 in a
packed steel tower lined with acid proof bricks.
70
Which of the following has the least carbon percentage ?
Wrought iron
71
Which of the following pairs of elements may form an alloy ?
Iron & carbon
72
Carbon percentage in medium carbon steel is around
0.35 to 0.5
73
The preferred material of construction for storage tanks for 98% sulphuric acid is
lead
74
Cermet are used for making
both (a) & (b)
74
Super conductors are those substances, which
offer no resistance to current flow.
74
The fermentor used for the production of ethyl alcohol from molasses is made of
copper bearing steel
75
The formation of oxide film on a metal due to atmospheric exposure reduces its
creep limit
76
A hardened steel essentially contains
martensite
77
Which one contains the least percentage of carbon ?
Wrought iron
78
Thermal shield used in high powered nuclear reactor to protect the walls of the reactor from radiation damage is made of
steel
79
All materials obey Hooke's law within elastic limit. When elastic limit is reached, the tensile strain
increases very quickly
80
Silico-manganese steels (containing 0.7% Mn, 0.5% C and 2% Si)
are used for leaf and coiled springs.
81
Which of the following is not a copper based alloy with nickel ?
Inconel
82
Which of the following alloys does not contain nickel ?
Babbit metal
83
An elastic behavior of materials is expressed in terms of
relaxation time
84
Pure nickel is
ferromagnetic at room temperature
85
In drop forging process, the forging is done by dropping the __________ at high velocity.
die with hammer
86
Which of the following is not an alloy of copper and tin ?
Monel metal
87
__________ is never shipped in glass carboys.
Ammonia
88
Lead is
used as a shock absorber (in mattress form) between the foundation and steel framework of skyscrapper buildings.
89
Nitriding of steel is done (in electric furnace) at __________ °C.
510
90
Addition of 2% nickel in steel makes it suitable for making
boiler plates, rivets etc.
91
The softest material just next to talc in the Mhos scale is
gypsum
92
Fatigue strength of a material increases by
under stressing the specimen
93
Specify the material of construction suitable for handling concentrated HNO3 at 100°C.
High silicon iron, Kel-F and teflon
94
Aluminum storage vessel can be used to store
none of these
95
Silicone rubber is not resistant to the corrosive action of
both (b) and (c)
96
Which metal is protected by the layer of its own oxide ?
Aluminium
97
Failure of a material is termed as fatigue failure, if it fails below the yield point. The resistance to fatigue failure of a material is measured by the
endurance limit
98
Bog iron used for the adsorption of H2S from coke oven gas is
an intimate mixture of saw dust and iron dust (i.e. moist ferric hydroxide).
99
Wrought iron is a suitable material of construction for handling __________ solutions.
alkalis & alkaline
100
Steel rods are used in reinforced concrete to increase its __________ strength.
tensile
101
Corrosion involves exchange of electrons in __________ corrosion.
both (a) & (b)
102
Straight silicon steel (containing Si from 0.5 to 5%) because of their low hysterisis loss and high magnetic permeability are used for electrical appliances. Which of the following electrical appliances made of silicon steel contains maximum percentage of silicon (about 4%) ?
High frequency transformers.
103
Which of the following has the least value of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) ?
Cast iron
104
__________ does not contain tin as an alloying material.
Brass
105
A metallic alloy in general as compared to their pure metal components is
more corrosion resistant.
106
Pick out the wrong statement.
Wrought iron can not be easily forged and welded.
107
The increase in hardness of metal due to its cold working is termed as the __________ hardening.
work
108
Copper is dissolved from its ore by H2SO4 in a percolation tank made of
reinforced concrete lined with lead
109
Bearings subjected to light load are made of
phosphorous bronze
110
Softening of hardned steel is done by its
tempering
111
Maximum permissible sulphur content in steel is __________ percent.
0.055
112
Ceramic materials fabrication can not be done by
welding
113
Cast iron is
all (a), (b) & (c)
113
Which has the maximum melting point out of the following ?
Wrought iron
114
Approximate value of the modulus of elasticity for steel is about __________ x l06kg/cm2
2
114
Which of the following has no effect on the carbide forming tendency in steels ?
Phosphorus
115
Carbon is present in steel wholly in the
combined form.
116
Carbon supply in pack carburising process is in the form of
charcoal
117
In SO3 absorber (Contact Process), packing material used is of
chemical stoneware
118
Presence of manganese in alloy steel improves its
abrasion resistance & toughness.
119
Sulphuric acid is mixed with ground phosphate rock (to produce phosphoric acid) in a steel digestor lined with
lead or acid-proof bricks
120
A material is called 'ductile', if it can be
drawn into wires.
121
A chemical change takes place when iron
rust
122
Evaporator used for concentrating tomato juice is made of
stainless steel-glass lined
123
High carbon steel contains more than __________ percent carbon.
0.5
124
The main constituent of carborundum is __________ carbide.
silicon
125
For storing water and acid free benzol, use a __________ vessel.
steel
126
The chlorinator used in the manufacture of DDT is made of
glass lined steel
127
Reduction in the grain size reduces the __________ of the material.
creep resistance
128
Age hardening is concerned with
duralumin
129
Which of the following undergoes granular fracture ?
Steel
130
Ball bearings are normally made of __________ steel.
chrome
131
The electrical conductivity of a __________ decreases with rise in temperature.
metal/alloy
132
Which one occupies the lowermost position in the electromotive series of metals ?
Noble metals (Ag, Pt, Au)
133
Addition of nickel to copper improves its
hardness
134
Presence of even 0.005% of __________ in copper makes it highly brittle, rendering it useless for wire-drawing.
bismuth
135
High speed cutting tool steels contain about __________ percent of tungsten.
18-20
135
The 'bomb' in the bomb calorimeter is made of
molybdenum stainless steel
136
Which of the following is produced by condensation polymerisation ?
Bakelite
137
The crystal structure of most of the common metals is
cubic
138
Telfon (PTFE) is corroded by
none of these
139
Hastelloy C is a good material of construction in chemical process industry, since it is
light and resists attack by acids.
140
Mixing vessel used for the chlorination of methane to produce methyl chloride is made of
cast iron
141
The loss of strength in compression which occurs, when there is a gain of strength in tension due to over loading is called
Bauschinger effect
142
Pick out the wrong statement.
Thermal conductivity of aluminium is higher than that of copper; hence it is increasingly used for utensil making.
143
Carbon percentage is the same in cast iron and
pig iron
143
Pick out the wrong statement.
The ability of a material to fracture without appreciable deformation is called its ductility.
144
Which of the following has the highest density and the lowest melting point ?
Lead
145
In order to be called steel, an alloy should have iron percentage greater than
80
146
Nickel is a constituent of
monel meta
147
Soap kettle used in the production of laundry soap is made of
steel with top section nickel clad or stainless steel
147
Nickel made/clad equipment are suitable for handling
fruit juices, milk & its products and caustic soda solution.
147
Tubes of multiple effect evaporator used for concentration of sugar cane juice are made of
copper
148
In hot wire anemometer used for gas flow measurement, the wire is normally made of
platinum
148
Mild steel is used for making
channels
148
The heat treatment process to which castings and the steel balls produced by cold heading are subjected is
normalising
149
Presence of 0.3 to 0.5% arsenic in copper increases its
tenacity & hardness
149
The heat treatment process applied to cold formed steel parts is
solution annealing
150
The largest consumption of zinc for alloys is in the making of
brasses
150
Ammonium chloride solution is stored/ treated in __________ vessels/pipes.
rubber or durmet-20 lined
151
Plate and frame filter press is usually made of
cast iron
152
Nickel and copper are the basic constituents of
Monel metal
152
Copper has very low
tensile strength
153
Hardest material so far found is
diamond
154
Most suitable material of construction for the storage of concentrated nitric acid is
aluminium or chromium alloys (Cr > 18% for cold acid)
155
The most resistant material to alkaline corrosion is
nickel
156
Tin coating is not done by
vaporizing
156
Stainless steel is not corroded by
nitric acid (10%).
157
__________ is added in stainless steel to prevent inter crystal corrosion.
Niobium
158
Nickel is a __________ material.
ferromagnetic
158
Babbit metal is not a
pure metal
159
Which of the following alloys does not contain nickel ?
Babbit metal
160
The fermenter used in the production of penicillin (by deep fermentation process) is made of
glass lined steel
160
With increase in carbide/graphite ratio in cast iron, its
both (a) and (b).
161
Low carbon steels are those in which carbon percentage is around
0.1 to 0.35
161
Nickel (76%) and chromium (15%) alloys are termed as
inconel
162
White metal is an alloy of
none of these
163
The carbonating tower used in Solvay process of soda ash manufacture is made of
cast iron
164
For platinum thermocouples, lead wires are made of
copper & copper-nickel alloys.
165
Cast irons are generally specified by their
tensile strength
165
High resistance electrical heating elements/wire are not made of
marageing steel
166
Which one is remelted and poured into moulds to get cast iron ?
Pig iron
167
Wood metal is not used for making
storage tank for storing brine and caustic soda.
167
An ideal material of construction for the storage of 50% caustic soda solution would be
monel
168
Which of the following is the hardest ?
Austenite
169
The process of heating the cold pressed metallic powder is called __________ in powder metallurgy.
sintering
170
Sulphuric acid pickling tanks are lined with
rubber
170
Which of the following alloy steels is the most suitable for making gun barrels and projectiles ?
Nickel-chrome steel
171
Which of the following is the lightest of engineering metals ?
Magnesium
172
Evaporators used in caustic soda recovery and production plant are made of
monel metal
173
Valves in pipe size of 2" and under are normally made of
brass
173
Ceramic materials are
stronger in compression than in tension
174
Which is an amorphous material ?
Glass
175
Thermoplastic resins are those polymers, which
easily deform under pressure at high temperature.
175
The temperature at which new grains are formed in the metal is called the __________ temperature.
recrystallisation
176
In the Contact process of sulphuric acid manufacture, 98% acid cooler is made of
cast iron
176
Platinum and silver are corroded by
none of these
177
Zircalloy used as a fuel cladding material in a nuclear reactor (thermal) is an alloy of zirconium
tin, nickel, iron and chromium
178
The material used in the filament of electric bulbs is
tungsten
179
Dead mild steel, which contains 0.10 to 0.15 percent carbon is used for making
flanges
180
Caustic soda can be stored in __________ drums.
steel
181
Wrought iron is
malleable & ductile; and hence is used for chain links, hooks & couplings.
181
Work hardening of a material
decreases its ductility.
182
Perspex is nothing but
acrylic sheet
183
Centrifugal pump made of pyrex or glass can't be used to pump
alkaline solutions.
183
Ability of a material to __________ is indicated by its damping capacity.
absorb vibration
184
Hydrochloric acid is __________ corrosive to common metals.
highly
184
Corrosion resistance of steel is increased by the addition of
nickel and chromium.
184
Tank furnace used for melting of glass is made of
refractory blocks
185
Spray dryer for evaporating milk to produce milk powder is made of
stainless steel
185
chromel (Nichrome) is an alloy of
nickel and chromium.
186
Which of the following is not an alloy of nickel and chromium ?
Duralumin
187
Pick out the wrong statement
Tungsten has a body centred cubic (bcc) crystal lattice structure.
187
Ability of a material to absorb energy in deformation in the plastic range is characterised as its
toughness
188
Monel alloy is
used for making steam valves and turbine blades as it resists steam attack at high temperature
189
Molybdenum steels containing 0.15 to 0.40% molybdenum
are used for automobile parts like gears, axle, shaft, bearings etc.
190
Kel-F is a material, which is
all (a), (b) and (c).
191
Molten phthalic anhydride is stored in a/an __________ vessel.
191
Molten phthalic anhydride is stored in a/an __________ vessel.
aluminium
192
Fermenter used in the production of penicillin by deep fermentation process is a __________ lined steel vessel
glass
192
Fatigue failure of a material results from __________ stress
fluctuating
193
Rubber lined pumps can be used to pump
all (a), (b) and (c)
194
Titanium metal
is used in oceanographic and space exploration applications
195
Purity of electrical grade aluminum should be ≥ __________ percent.
99.5
196
Maximum consumption of zinc is in
galvanising
196
Galvanising is not a zinc diffusion process. A zinc diffusion process is termed as
sheradising
197
Which of the following commercial metals is most abundantly found in India ?
Aluminium
198
Tin vessels are corroded by
none of these
198
Out of the following, copper vessels are the most suitable for the storage of
dry chlorine & dry fluorine.
199
Tempering of steel is done to make it
soft
200
Concrete tank can be used to store
saturated brine
201
Which of the following constituents of cast iron is mainly responsible for imparting it an anti-corrosive property ?
Silicon
201
Zinc is highly __________ at room temperature.
resistant to atmospheric corrosion
202
Most common stainless steel type 316, which is highly resistant to corrosion contains
16-13% Cr 10-14% Ni and 2-3% Mo.
203
Sheardising process is used for
surface coating.
204
the maximum percentage of chromium that can be added to steel is about
18
205
Which of the following is a non-magnetic material ?
zinc
205
The material of construction of pressure mills used for squeezing out the juice from sugar cane is
cast iron
206
An alloy used as thermocouple material comprises of 40% nickel and 60% copper. It is called
constantan
207
Rotary driers are generally made of
mild steel
208
Presence of high phosphorous in cast iron increases its
fluidity
209
The phenomenon in which slow extension of material takes place with the time at constant load is called
creep
210
A material capable of undergoing large permanent deformation, when subjected to compression is termed a
malleable
211
__________ is used for examining the macro-structure of a material.
Visual inspection by naked eye
212
Age hardening' of duralumin is due to
both (a) & (b)
212
__________ is a donor impurity for semi-conductors.
Antimony
212
Post weld heat treatment is done by
stress relieving
213
How many atoms are there per unit cell in a body centered cubic lattice system ?
2
214
Presence of cobalt in steel improves its
cutting ability
214
Nickel base alloys with __________ are known as Monel metal.
copper
214
In cold working of metal as compared to its hot working
appreciable strain hardening is produced
215
Which of the following comprises of hydrocarbons ?
Rubber
216
Wrought iron is a suitable material of construction for handling __________ solutions.
alkalis & alkaline
216
Hastelloy comprises of
molybdenum and nickel
217
The material of construction of bearings is
babbit metal
218
Metalloid is
an element, which exhibits the properties of both metal & non metal.
219
When iron is rusted, it is
oxidised
219
Wrought iron is having very high
corrosion resistance.
219
Containers made of high silicon cast iron (14% Si) are not suitable for the storage of
hydrochloric acid (concentrated).
220
How many molecules per unit cell are there in a face centred cubic lettice ?
4
221
Stainless steel contains
chromium and nickel
222
Tin base and lead base alloys are used for bearing materials. Tin compared to lead has lower
abundant availability.
223
Fatigue failure of a material may occur, when it is subjected to __________ stress
fluctuating
223
Metal at the top of the electromotive series is
most active
223
Presence of even very minute amount (say 0.1%) of __________ in copper, reduces its electrical conductivity very seriously
both (b) and (c)
223
High speed steel should have high
both(b) & (c)
224
An alloy of iron containing 4% carbon is called
none of these
225
Steel pipes are normally manufactured by __________ process.
extrusion
226
Polymorphism is not exhibited by
none of these
227
Rubber lined vessels are corroded by the action of
all (a), (b) and (c)
227
Which of the following metals in not used for coating of the base metal to guard it against corrosion ?
Magnesium
227
__________ of a material results, when its strength is increased & ductility is decreased by heating at a relatively lower temperature after cold working.
Strain ageing
228
Brass container is suitable for storing
beer
229
Aqueous nitric acid is stored in __________ vessel.
cast iron
230
A metallic alloy in which one of the constituent metal is __________ , is called an amalgam.
mercury
231
Combination of metals and ceramics are called
cermets
232
__________ iron is produced, when molten pig iron is chilled suddenly.
White cast
233
Which of the following is the most suitable material of construction for evaporator & its tubes for concentrating NaOH solution to 70%?
Nickel
233
Vycor, a widely used material for making 'thermal wells' in temperature measurement, is a
glass
234
Compressive strength of wood is usually more along the grains. The tensile strength of wood as compared to that of steel is about
one fifth
235
Ball bearings are generally made of
chrome carbon steel
236
Mild steel is a/an __________ steel.
low carbon
237
Maximum carbon content in any variety of steel can be up to 1.3%. Steel containing 0.4% Carbon is not used for making
chiesels
238
Which is the purest form of iron ?
Wrought iron
239
Karbate is
both (b) and (c).
240
To improve the machinability of steel by its softening, it is subjected to
241
Which one has the maximum tensile strength out of the following ?
Nodular cast iron
242
Which of the following is the softest material ?
Calcite
243
Maximum consumption of lead is in the manufacture of
storage batteries.
244
Clock pendulums are usually made of __________ steel.
none of these
245
Which of the following is produced by addition polymerisation ?
Polybutadiene
246
With increase in the carbon percentage in the steel, its
all (a), (b) and (c).
247
Lead pipe is
all (a), (b) and (c).
248
Inconel is an alloy of
iron, nickel and chromium
249
A measure of toughness of a material is its
yield strength
250
polymerisation reactor used for the production of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is made of
stainless steel or glass lined vessel
