Materials Flashcards
Stress (P)
Force per unit cross-sectional area.
Strain (none)
Extension per unit length.
Young Modulus (P)
The ratio between stress and strain for a specific material.
Ultimate Tensile Strength (P) (also Breaking Stress)
The maximum tensile stress that can be applied to a material before it breaks.
Elastic deformation
The change in shape of a material under stress that is recoverable when the stress is removed.
Plastic deformation
The change is shape of a material under stress that is not recoverable when the stress is removed.
Ductile
Materials that show plastic deformation.
Brittle
Materials that is unable to store much elastic potential energy and snap easily.
Hard
Materials that resist plastic deformation.
Malleable
Materials that show large plastic deformation areas.
Stiff
Materials ability to resist tensile force (stiffer has greater Young’s Modulus).
Tough
Materials that are able to withstand impact forces without breaking.
Compressive Stress
The compression force per unit area.
Compressive Strain
The compression extension per original length.
Tensile Stress
The tension force per unit area.
Tensile Strain
Extension per unit length.
Compressive Strength
The maximum compressive stress applied before it breaks.
Limit of proportionality
Where Hooke’s Law stops and plastic deformation starts.
Elastic limit
The point where elastic stops and plastic starts.
Yield Point
Where small increase in stress causes large increase in strain.
