Material Properties Flashcards
What are mechanical properties?
They are associated with how a material reacts to an external force.
What are physical properties ?
They are associated with the actual make-up or structure of the material.
What is compressive strength?
The ability to withstand being crushed or shortened by pushing forces (compression).
What is tensile strength?
The ability to resist stretching or pulling forces (tension).
What is bending strength?
The ability to resist forces that may bend the material.
What is shear strength ?
The ability to resist sliding forced on a parallel plane.
What is torsional strength?
The ability to withstand twisting forces from applied torque or torsion.
What is hardness?
The ability to resist abrasive wear such as scratching, surface indentation or cutting.
What is toughness ?
The ability to absorb impact force without fracture.
What is plasticity?
The ability to be permanently deformed (shaped) and retain the deformed shape.
What is ductility?
The ability to be drawn out under tension, reducing the cross-sectional area without cracking.
What is malleability?
The ability to withstand deformation by compression without cracking. Malleability increases with a ride in temperature.
What is elasticity?
The ability to be deformed and then return to the original shape when the force is removed.
What is an electrical conductor ?
It allows the flow of electrical current through the material. A good conductor gives very little resistance to the flow of charge.
What is an electrical insulator?
It does not allow the flow of electricity through the material.
What is a thermal conductor ?
It allows the transfer of heat energy through the material. A material with a high thermal conductivity allows the transfer of heat to occur quickly across the material.
What is a thermal insulator ?
It prevents the transfer of heat through the material.
What is thermal expansion?
The increase in material volume in response to a heat input.
What does opaque mean?
It prevents light from travelling through.
What does translucent mean?
It allows light through but diffuses the light so that objects appear blurred. Frosted glass is an example of a translucent material.
What does transparent mean?
It allows light to pass through easily, which means you can clearly see through the material.
What is density ?
The mass of the material in a standard volume of space.
What is fusibility?
The ability of the material to be fused or converted from a solid to a liquid or molten state, usually by heat. Good fusibility is an essential property for a metal being cast.
What is magnetism ?
The natural force between object that chases the material to attract iron or steels.
What is corrosion/ degradation resistance?
The ability of the material to withstand environmental attack and decay.
