Massage techniques

Question 1

Effleurage effects

Answer 1

• Reduce tissue tension and warm tissues
• Relaxation
• &laquo_space;neuron activities, pain perception
• > > peristalsis

Question 2

Effleurage precautions/contraindications

Answer 2

• Circulatory issues- thrombus??
• Wounds/scars
• Infection
• Cellulitis
• Kidney pathology

Question 3

Stroking effects

Answer 3

• Pain relief- pain gate
• May reduce spasm
• May reduce spasticity

Question 4

Stroking indications

Answer 4

• Adjust arousal
• When pressure contraindicated
• Improve mood and anxiety

Question 5

Stroking precautions

Answer 5

• Extreme pain or distress

Question 6

Petrissage effects

Answer 6

• Relaxation and reduce stress hormones
• &laquo_space;anxiety
• > > immunity
• Sensory arousal
• Muscle/tissue extensibility
• &laquo_space;trigger point activity
• > > ROM
• Resting tension

Question 7

Petrissage indications/types

Answer 7

• Treat certain conditions- headaches, trigger point syndromes
• Kneading
• Stripping
• Wringing
• Squeezing

Question 8

Petrissage contraindications

Answer 8

• Circulatory issues
• Acute inflam/infection
• Malignancy
• Wounds
• Caution with spasm, hypotonia, active trigger points

Question 9

Skin rolling effect

Answer 9

• Improve mobility and connective tissues

* Improve joint ROM

Question 10

Skin rolling indication

Answer 10

• Examination technique

Question 11

Skin rolling contraindications

Answer 11

• Hyperemia- excessive blood
• Inflamed tissues
• Hypermobile/unstable joints
• Fragile skin
• Caution with tissues in fibroblastic phase of healing

Question 12

Compression effects

Answer 12

• Circulation
• Reduce muscle resting tension
• Improve rib cage mobility
• Increase or decrease tone

Question 13

Compression indications

Answer 13

• Introductory stroke
• Apply to rib cage for breathing rehab
• Increase secretion movement if vigorous
• Useful for sports massage

Question 14

Compression contraindications

Answer 14

•	Circulatory issues
•	Inflam and infection
•	Malignancy
•	Flail chest
•	Immobile ribcage
•	Fractured or brittle ribs
•	Recent chest or spinal surgery
•	Caution with:
o	Osteoporosis
o	Wounds
o	Anticoagulants

Question 15

Frictions effect

Answer 15

• Increase extensibility of connective tissue- encourages realignment of collagen fibres
• Increase joint range
• Increase capsular mobility
• Increase accessory movement
• Analgesia
• Increase extensibility of hypertrophic scar

Question 16

Frictions indications

Answer 16

• Chronic injuries, sprains, strains and fracture

* During maturation stages of tissue healing

Question 17

Frictions contraindications

Answer 17

• Circulatory issues
• Cellulitis
• Fever
• Systemic/local infection
• RA
• Obstructive oedema
• Open wounds/sutures
• Haematomas
• Healing fractures
• Osteomyelitis
• Osteoporosis
• Hypersensitivity of skin
• Malignancy

Question 18

Percussion effects

Answer 18

• Stimulates stretch reflexes
• Increase neuromuscular tone and facilitate normalised movement patterns
• General stimulating effects
• May produce local hyperaemia

Question 19

Percussion indications

Answer 19

• Airway clearance
• Proprioceptive stimulation
• Increase arousal- end of session/pre-competition
• Pain relief
• Used for extended periods for relaxation

Question 20

Percussion contraindications

Answer 20

•	Severe rib fracture
•	Suspected thrombis/pulmonary embolism
•	After chest or spinal surgery
•	Acute episodes of asthma
•	Caution with:
o	Postexercise cramping
o	Muscles spasming
o	Over bony prominences
o	Reduce pressure over kidneys and people with abuse-related hypersensitivity