Heat, Cold and US

Question 1

Effects of heat pack

Answer 1

• > > blood flow
• > > cellular activity
• > > collagen extensibility
• Pain gait/descending inhibitory pathways
• Reduced viscosity
• &laquo_space;tension and increase
• relaxation
• &laquo_space;spasm

Question 2

Heat pack precautions

Answer 2

• Metal implants
• Scar tissue
• Devitalised tissue
• Cardiac disease
• Pregnancy
• Communication/psychological issues
• Obesity

Question 3

Heat pack contraindications

Answer 3

• Devitalised tissue (chemo)
• Lack of sensitivity
• Recent bleeding/haemorrhage/acute inflam
• Circulatory issues/DVT
• Eyes/reproductive organs
• Skin conditions/open wounds
• Reduced conciousness

Question 4

Cold pack physiological effects

Answer 4

• Reduced cellular activity
• Immediate vasocon/>tone &raquo_space; vasodi and < tone after 5-10
• Collagen stiffness
• Inhib nerve conduction&raquo_space; slow inflam
• Increase viscosity
• < pain- endorphin release
• < inflam

Question 5

Cold pack precautions

Answer 5

• Pregnancy

* Psychological issues

Question 6

Cold pack contraindications

Answer 6

• Sensitivity deficiency
• Reduced peripheral vascular supply
• BP/Cardiac disease
• Eyes or reproductive
• Devitalised tissue (chemo)
• Cold sensitivity
• Malignancy

Question 7

Effects of US

Answer 7

• Non-thermal = increased cellular activity
• Heating:
o Increase metaboloic rate
o Pro-inflam
o Collagen extensibility
• reconsider if no improvement after 3 treatments

Question 8

US contraindications

Answer 8

• Devitalised tissue (precaution)
• Pregnant uterus
• Malignancy
• Eyes/repro
• Pacemaker/metal implant
• Open wound
• Circulatory insufficiency/active bleeding
• Active epiphysis