Mary Flashcards
What year did Mary get married, and to whom?
Philip II of Spain 1554
When were the bad harvests and typhus epidemics?
• Bad harvests: 1555 and 1556
• Typhus: 1556-58
How many parliaments did Mary have during her reign ?
5 (Mary died during her last parliament)
Why was Wyatt’s rebellion so threatening to Mary?
• It reached the gates of the City of London
• Elizabeth was implicated in the plot to overthrow her
How many men and women were burnt as heretics ?
289
52 women 237 men
How many councillors did Mary appoint during her reign?
50
What year did England declare war on France ?
June 1557
What did Mary loose in January 1558 due to conflict with France ?
Calais
How did Mary reform the military?
• Created the first standing army 1558
• Invested 14,000 in building and repairing ships (3-21)
How much debt did Mary inherit and leave?
Inherited: £185,000 Left: £300,000
What did Mary introduce which increased customs duties by 100%?
Book of Rates 1558
When did Pope Julius III dies and why was this a problem for Mary?
Died 1555
Because Pope Paul IV was anti Spanish and considered Cardinal Pole as a heretic
Why did Mary need parliament to enforce her counter-reformation in law?
Because reformation legislation had previously been created by statute law, and could only be changed the same way
What signs of Catholicism occurred prior to Mary’s accession to the throne ?
• Alters in Melton Mowbray
• Mass heard at
Bishopsgate in London
What caused the Wyatt’s Rebellion ?
Religious grievances Xenophobia
