Marxist

Question 1

1) What is the 1st Marxist belief on education?

Answer 1

Education as an ideological state apparatus

Question 2

ALTHUSSER
Education as an ideological state apparatus

Answer 2

• reproduction of efficient, obedient workforce
• RC ideology justifies capitalism
• WC accept this (false class consciousness)
• to prevent rebellion win WC hearts with bonuses at work

Question 3

What does Althusser say about The Education System in Western societies?

Answer 3

It is the main Ideological State Apparatus which means it legitimises class inequalities

Question 4

What is the 2nd Marxist belief on education?

Answer 4

The reproduction of class inequalities through cultural capital

Question 5

BOURDIEU
Reproduction of class inequalities through cultural capital

Answer 5

1) MC have an in built advantage
2) ES devalues WC culture
3) pupils from LSC don’t posses CC
4) education failure is inevitable
HABITUS

Question 6

What does HABITUS mean?

Answer 6

Each class has their own cultural framework- ‘set of ideas’
- justifies social inequalities
- reproduces class structure

Question 7

What is the 3rd Marxist belief on education?

Answer 7

The correspondence theory
‘long shadow of work’

Question 8

BOWLES N GINITUS
The correspondence theory

Answer 8

• The hidden curriculum manipulates the WC
  1- subservience
  2- motivation
  3- accept hierarchy
  4- fragmentation of knowledge
  5- legitimise inequalities

Question 9

What are the 3 criticisms of the correspondence theory?

Answer 9

• cannot prove the hidden curriculum
• not all students are passive -WILLIS study
• still have apprenticeships and training courses

Question 10

What is the 4th Marxist belief on education?

Answer 10

Learning to labour

Question 11

PAUL WILLIS
Learning to labour

Answer 11

said interactionist ideas were too deterministic and simplistic
- study on 12 WC lads (unstructured interviews/observations)
- counter school culture (docile workers)

Question 12

What are the criticisms of Willis’ study?

Answer 12

• unrepresentative/ cannot generalise- small sample
• ‘the lads’- lies or exaggerated
• ignores CONFORMIST CULTURE
• focuses of subcultures
• masculinities not social class- FEMINISTS

Question 13

What did Marxists ILLICH n FREIRE say about education?

Answer 13

Schoolwork, repression and hegemonic control.

Question 14

ILLICH

Answer 14

1995
- promotes conformity
- encourages passive acceptance
- solution = DESCHOOLING

Question 15

FRIERE

Answer 15

1996
- learners conditioned to accept oppressive relations
- convinced to accept truth and superiority