MARKETISATION - SOCIAL GROUPS/ CLASS

Question 1

Parentocracy – new right 
P- point
E- explanation
E- evidence 
E- evaluation
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Answer 1

P- point = marketisation polices = improve standards in education = encouraging skl to compete with each other for pupils, funding and results increase choice, the government introduced

Open Enrolement, = parents choose more than one school +LT on skl perf + made publicly available

the pwr shifts away from the producers (schools and teachers) to the consumers

supported by New Right giving parents pwr=encouraging skls to standards rise, = skls improve in order to survive in the education market, Funding formula, where schools receive funding per pupil.
schools need to retain and attract students in order to receive funding. Schools

Question 2

League tables & Cream-skimming
P- point
E- explanation
E- evidence 
E- evaluation
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Answer 2

schools with good exam results are more in demand

Parents good LT rankings which increases ‘competition’

CS ‘good’ schools = more selective =recruit m/c students = maintain position.

LT beneficial = gives parents info need choose right child

overall LT = produces unequal skl - skl poor LT positions cannot be selective take on less able students = W/C =remain poor and unattractive to m/c parents =produces social class inequalities.

Question 3

New Labour & Inequality
P- point
E- explanation
E- evidence 
E- evaluation
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Answer 3

reduce inequality.

identified deprived zones, struggling inner-city schools, under-represented groups and those on low-income backgrounds that needed additional support. Actions Zones
EMAs

Raise aspirations groups under-represented in higher education +financial support after 16.

Benn New Labour Paradox. contradiction bet Labour’s policies to tackle inequality + commitment to marketisation.

While New Labour Govt aime to intro beneficial poli to improve =unsuccessful = increased tuition fees higher education + keep private schools open.

Question 4

Policies on ethnicity
P- point
E- explanation
E- evidence 
E- evaluation
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Answer 4

multicultural education.

promote the achievement of those from minority ethnic groups by valuing all cultures within the school curriculum

Critical race theorists challenge this as they believe that MCE is pure tokenism, it picks out stereotypical features of cultures for the sake of inclusivity but it fails to tackle institutional racism.

Question 5

Marxist + critic
P- point
E- explanation
E- evidence 
E- evaluation
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Answer 5

Impact w/c neg
Myth of parentocracy
Gives app of free choice
Reality = w/c don’t have that
GERWITZ = w/c don’t have the Cultural capital and = don take advantage of choices
Myth of parentocracy makes inequality in education appear to be fair and inevitable

Question 6

Globalisation
P- point
E- explanation
E- evidence 
E- evaluation
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Answer 6

Private companies that owned by foreign owners e.g. edexcel exam board by US
. Policies are shifting - global to privatised

Question 7

Postmodernism
P- point
E- explanation
E- evidence 
E- evaluation
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Answer 7

Argue Edu is more diverse
= increase in specialist skl
= w/c not to underachieve as it’s a specialist based on their capabilities and strengths = excel

Question 8

CON
P- point
E- explanation
E- evidence 
E- evaluation
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Answer 8

a significant proportion of marketisation policies appear to only benefit the middle-class, through policies regarding to parental choice, the funding formula and the publication of league tables. These allow the middle-class to exercise their use of economic, cultural and educational capital to gain an advantage over the working-class and widen the gap in achievement. However, the New Labour and the Conservative-led coalition’s policies have aimed to reduce this inequality through the introduction of EMAs, Free School Meals and the Pupil Premium. But overall, marketisation policies appear to only benefit the middle-class.