Ext factors- gender diff achievement Flashcards
4 Reasons why girls now do better
1) Girls changing ambitions
2) Impact of feminism
3) changes in family
4) changes in women employment
What is the impact of feminism on women’s achievement?
MCROBBIE STUDY?
- Challenged stereotypes
- increased self-esteem , increased expectations and ambition
- Has had success in improving women’s right and opportunities through changes in law
points to change in magazines (media)
1970s = ‘traditional’ women; emphasis on the importance of marriage
1990s = assertive, independent women
Has helped raise expectations and self-esteem of women
What is the impact of changes in family on women’s achievement?
since the 1970s such as an increase in divorce rates, increased cohabitation, smaller families and increased number of lone parent families
Women take breadwinner role = new role model = financially independent = have impacted girls’ attitudes towards education
What is the impact of changes in women’s employment on women’s achievement?
1970 Equal Pay Act – pay gap has since fallen from 30% to 17%
1975 Sex Discrimination Act
Proportion women emp - 53% 1971
67% 2013
Mitsos and Brown
Argue - growing sector ‘feminised’ career op e.g. teaching , childcare, health care
Studies that shows there is a change in girls ambitions?
Changes in the family and in employment are producing changes in girls ambitions.
This is backed up by Sharpe (1994) and her study ‘Just Like a Girl’
1970’s: Main priority of girls is to settle down and start a family and have children - intelligence was unattractive
However in the 1990’s girls main priority is education and a career