Margaret Jean Watson Flashcards
When was Jean Watson born?
July 21, 1940
Where was Jean Watson born?
Southern West Virginia
BSN
1964
MS in Psychiatric Mental Health Nsg
1966
PhD in Educational Psychology and counseling from the University of Colorado
1973
She was a distinguished Professor and Dean of Nursing at ___________.
University Health Sciences Center
Human beings to be valued, cared for, respected, nurtured, understood, and assisted.
Person
Must be viewed according to the client’s development and the conflicts arising in this development.
Person
Defined as the society with all its influences; it encompasses social, cultural and spiritual aspects.
Environment
It provides the values that determine how one should behave and what goals one should strive toward.
Environment
Refers to unity and harmony within the mind, body and soul.
Health
A human science of people and human health-illness experiences that are mediated by professional, personal, scientific, aesthetic and ethical human care transactions; providing holistic care.
Nursing
Watson, in addition to WHO’s definition of health, include these three elements:
- A higher level of overall physical, mental and social functioning.
- A general adaptive-maintenance level of daily functioning.
- The absence of illness (or the presence of efforts that lead to its absence).
Watson’s Major Assumptions:
- Caring can be demonstrated and practiced only interpersonally.
- Caring consists of carative factors that result in the satisfaction of certain human needs.
- Effective caring promotes health & individual or family growth
- A caring environment accepts a person as he is and looks to what the person may become.
- A caring environment offers the development of potential while allowing the person to choose the best action for himself/herself at a given time.
- Caring is more “health ogenic” than curing. Caring integrates biophysical knowledge with knowledge of human behavior to generate or promote health & to provide ministrations for those who are ill. The science of caring is therefore complementary to the science of curing.
- Caring is central to nursing.
Watson’s 10 Carative Factors:
- Forming humanistic-altruistic value system
- Instillation of faith-hope
- Cultivating sensitivity to self and others
- Development of a helping-trust relationship
- Promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings
- Systematic use of the scientific problem-solving method for decision making
- Promotion of interpersonal teaching-learning
- Provision for supportive, protective and corrective mental, physical, sociocultural and spiritual environment
- Assisting with the gratification of human needs
- Allowance for existential-phenomenological forces
This can be accomplished by examining one’s views, beliefs, and interactions with various cultures as well as personal growth experiences.
Forming humanistic-altruistic value system
This is accomplished by helping a client adopt health-seeking behaviors, by positively using the powers of suggestion & positively supporting the client.
Instillation of faith-hope
The recognition of feelings leads to self-actualization through self-acceptance for both the nurse and the patient.
Cultivating sensitivity to self and others
This is accomplished through congruence, empathy, non possessive warmth, and effective communication.
Development of a helping-trust relationship
Involves the sharing of feelings; it includes being prepared for negative as well as positive feelings.
Promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings
Brings a scientific, problem-solving approach to nursing care.
Systematic use of the scientific problem-solving method for decision making
Enables a client to provide self-care, determine personal needs, and provide opportunities for their personal growth.
Promotion of interpersonal teaching-learning
Involves assessing and facilitating a client’s coping abilities to support and protect mental and physical well-being.
Provision for the supportive, protective, and corrective mental, physical, socio-cultural, and spiritual environment
Addresses the needs of both the nurse and the client; it requires meeting lower-order needs before attaining higher-order needs.
Assisting with the gratification of human needs
Permits one to understand people from the way things appear to them; their experiences shape their individual perceptions.
Allowance for existential-phenomenological forces
