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A4 Poultry Medicine > Marek's, Lymphoid Leukosis > Flashcards

Marek's, Lymphoid Leukosis Flashcards

1
Q

A highly contagious viral disease of poultry characterized by enlargement of the nerves and tumors on visceral organs, skin, and muscle

A

Marek’s disease or Fowl Paralysis

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2
Q

What is the most important natural host for Marek’s disease virus?

A

Chickens

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3
Q

Other poultry affected by MDV.

A

Quail and turkeys

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4
Q

Causative agent of Marek’s disease

A

Gallidalphaherpesvirus 2 (Marek’s disease virus 1)

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5
Q

What are the 3 Serotypes of Marek’s Disease Virus?

A
  1. Gallidalphaherpesvirus 2 (MDV serotype 1)
  2. Gallidalphaherpesvirus 3 (MDV serotype 2)
  3. Meleagridalphaherpesvirus 1 (turkey herpesvirus, MDV serotype 3)
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6
Q

Which MDV serotype has all virulent Marek’s disease virus strains?

A

Gallidalphaherpesvirus 2 (MDV serotype 1)

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7
Q

One of the most ubiquitous avian infections; it is identified in chicken flocks worldwide.

A

Marek’s disease

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8
Q

MDV transmission occurs by which route?

A

respiratory

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9
Q

Marek’s disease can develop in chickens as young as?

A

3 weeks old

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10
Q

Clinical symptoms of MDV infection are not seen before ____ weeks

A

3-4

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11
Q

What are the four phases of infection with Marek’s disease recognized?

A
  1. Early cytolytic infection (productive-restrictive)
  2. Latent infection
  3. Second phase of cytolytic
  4. Proliferative phase
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12
Q

Enlarged nerves are one of the most consistent gross lesions in affected birds of this disease

A

Fowl Paralysis

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13
Q

Name the 3 peripheral nerves mostly enlarged and lose striation after MDV infection

A

Vagus
Brachial
Sciatic

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14
Q

Which viral disease cause enlarged feather follicles in broilers after defeathering during processing and are a cause for condemnation?

A

Marek’s disease

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15
Q

Marek’s disease in poultry is primarily characterized by?

A

Enlargement of the nerves and tumors on visceral organs

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16
Q

Marek’s disease virus (MDV) belongs to the genus?

A

Mardivirus

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17
Q

The fully infective, enveloped form of Marek’s disease virus is primarily released from the?

A

Epithelium of the feather follicle

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18
Q

A consistent gross lesion observed in birds affected by Marek’s disease is?

A

Enlarged nerves

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19
Q

Lymphoid tumors in Marek’s disease are MOST commonly observed in the?

A

Liver, spleen, and gonads

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20
Q

Enlarged feather follicles (skin leukosis) are a common finding in?

A

Broilers after defeathering.

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21
Q

A widely used vaccine against Marek’s disease

A

Turkey herpesvirus (HVT)

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22
Q

Marek’s disease vaccines are typically administered to chicks at?

A

1 day of age via subcutaneous injection or in ovo.

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23
Q

An important management practice for controlling Marek’s disease

A

All-in-all-out operation.

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24
Q

Marek’s disease is characterized by the proliferation of?

A

T-cell lymphomas

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25
True or False. Turkeys are not susceptible to infection with Marek's disease virus.
False
26
True or False. Marek's disease is known to be vertically transmitted from parent to offspring.
False
27
True or False. Clinical symptoms of Marek's disease are typically seen within the first week after infection.
False
28
True or False. Enlargement of the sciatic nerve is a common gross lesion in Marek's disease.
True
29
True or False. Vaccination provides complete protection against infection with Marek's disease virus.
False
30
True or False. Breeding chickens for genetic resistance is a strategy for controlling Marek's disease.
True
31
True or False. Marek's disease virus can cause immunosuppression in infected birds.
True
32
True or False. Dust from infected chickens plays a significant role in the transmission of Marek's disease.
True
33
True or False. Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) is a naturally virulent vaccine strain used against Marek's disease.
False
34
True or False. The presence of enlarged feather follicles is a definitive diagnostic sign for Marek's disease in all types of poultry.
False
35
A B-cell lymphoma, occurring in chickens ~16 weeks or older
Lymphoid leukosis
36
Most prevalent and pathogenic subgroups of Avian Leukosis Viruses causing lymphoid leukosis and other tumors in chickens.
A, B, J
37
T/F. Avian Leukosis Viruses are highly contagious compared with other viral agents and is readily inactivated by disinfectants
False.
38
T/F. All strains of avian leukosis viruses are oncogenic with no differences in oncogenicity and replicative ability.
False. All field strains of avian leukosis virus are oncogenic but some differences in oncogenicity and replicative ability have been recognized.
39
Mortality rate of lymphoid leukosis
Generally low
40
Affect poultry of lymphoid leukosis
Chickens
41
ALV is shed by the hen into the _____ or _____, or both.
Albumen or yolk
42
After shedding the ALV by the hen into the albumen or yolk, infection occurs before or after the onset of incubation?
After the onset of incubation
43
ALV infection produce tumors more frequently in which mode of transmission?
Congenital
44
A disease of clonal malignancy of the bursal-dependent lymphoid system.
Lymphoid leukosis
45
Tumors caused by ALV are often not detectable until chickens are _____ old
~14 weeks
46
Chickens infected with ALV rarely die and often occurs before (1) ______ and is more frequent around the time of (2) ______ .
1. 14 weeks 2. sexual maturity
47
Other than viral shedding, what is another significance of subclinical infection of ALV in chickens with economic importance?
Reduced egg production
48
Palpation of chicken suspected with lymphoid leukosis may reveal?
Enlarged cloacal bursa and sometimes enlarged liver
49
ALV infected birds with age ____ develop tumors.
> 14 weeks
50
Diffuse or nodular lymphoid tumors due to ALV are most common in which organs?
liver, spleen, and cloacal bursa
51
Diffuse or nodular lymphoid tumors due to ALV are occasionally found in which organs?
kidneys, gonads, and mesentery
52
In Lymphoid Leukosis, involvement of which organ has been considered virtually pathognomonic?
Cloacal bursa
53
Enlargement of peripheral nerves is typically?
Not apparent in Lymphoid Leukosis, except in specific experimental conditions
54
Microscopically, the tumor cells in Lymphoid Leukosis are described as?
Uniform, large lymphoblasts
55
A common microscopic feature of the tumor cells in Lymphoid Leukosis is the presence of:
Frequent mitotic figures
56
Lymphoid Leukosis typically occurs in chickens of what age?
~16 weeks or older
57
T/F. Involvement of the cloacal bursa is a definitive diagnostic feature of Lymphoid Leukosis.
True
58
True or False. The tumor cells in Lymphoid Leukosis are characterized by a low mitotic rate.
False
59
True or False. A presumptive diagnosis of Lymphoid Leukosis can be made without histological examination.
True
60
True or False. There are highly effective vaccines available for the prevention of Lymphoid Leukosis
False
61
True or False. Lymphoid Leukosis is a T-cell lymphoma.
False
62
True or False. Chickens younger than 10 weeks are most susceptible to developing clinical signs of Lymphoid Leukosis.
False
63
There are highly effective vaccines available for the prevention of Lymphoid Leukosis.
False

A4 Poultry Medicine (11 decks)

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