March '22 Flashcards
which gastric hormone is hypersecreted, resulting in PUD and pruritus, a common complication of polycythemia vera?
histamine
tx of minor bleeding in hemophilia A?
topical thrombin
what test will be abnormal in hemophilia B?
a PTT
what side effect can patient’s with hemophilia B and inhibitors experience if given factor replacement?
anaphylaxis
when does the nadir in the absolute neutrophil count occur after the completion of a chemotherapy session?
5-14 days
MCC of drug induced neutropenia in children?
due to abx - macrolides, cephalosporins, and penicillins
hyperdense lines at the metaphyses in young children on knee and wrist XR
lead lines - chronic lead poisoning
when are hypersegmented neutrophils seen?
multiple forms of megaloblastic anemia such as alcohol use, folate deficiency, and vitamin B12 deficiency
microcytic, hypochromic anemia in patient of mediterranean descent
thalassemia
crew cut skull XR, chipmunk facies
beta thalassemia major
antibiotic best known for causing aplastic anemia
chloramphenicol
stable patient getting hives and pruritis shortly after starting blood transfusion - treatment?
continue transfusion - give antihistamine as this is likely allergic reaction, unlikely IgA deficiency
Labs of DIC
high PT, PTT, thrombin clotting time
low platelets, fibrinogen
acute GI bleed and pt on warfarin - next step?
Vit K IV, + FFP
MC gram negative pathogen identified in neutropenic fever?
pseudomonas
what are the components of cryoprecipitate?
Factors VIII and XIII, vWF, fibrinogen, and fibronectin
lab findings of pleural effusions associated with rheumatoid arthritis
low glucose, low pH, and high LDH
serum blood test that helps determine the degree of hemolysis
haptoglobin
electrolyte imbalances caused by blood transfusions
hypocalcemia - citrate, an anticoag in RBCs binds serum calcium
hyperK or hypoK
classic chest XR findings seen in sarcoidosis?
bilateral hilar and paratracheal adenopathy
T cell activation such as in contact dermatitis is what hypersensitivity reaction?
type IV - delayed cell mediated
what skin condition can be accompanied by oil spots on the nails?
psoriasis
factors contained in 4 factor prothrombin complex concentrate?
factors II, VII, IX, and X in addition to protein C and S
beta thalassemia major is associated with what other condition?
cholelithiasis
positive direct antiglobulin testing is concerning for
hemolytic transfusion reaction
diagnosis of acute chest syndrome requires
XR evidence of a consolidation plus fever or respiratory findings
MC infectious organism that is also a trigger for SJS and TEN?
mycoplasma pneumonia
what leukemia puts patients at highest risk for severe complications from hyperleukocytosis?
AML
MC risk factor for new onset childhood immune thrombocytopenia?
viral infection
emergent reversal of dabigatran?
idarucizumab
risk factors for polyarteritis nodosa?
recent hep B or C infection, IV drug use
treatment of polyarteritis nodosa?
glucocorticoids, such as prednisone, more severe cases need cyclophosphamide
if concerning for viral hepatitis, antivirals are first line therapy
treatment of polyarteritis nodosa?
glucocorticoids, such as prednisone, more severe cases need cyclophosphamide
if concerning for viral hepatitis, antivirals are first line therapy
RDW in Fe deficiency anemia?
high
elevated serum ACE level found in what?
sarcoidosis - noncaseating granulomas with the lung being the most commonly affected organ
drug most associated with aplastic anemia?
phenytoin
subtype of endocarditis associated with SLE?
libman sacks endocarditis - aseptic verrucous thrombi on heart valves
MC immunoglobulin found in multiple myeloma?
IgG
disorder associated with purpura fulminans?
inherited or acquired protein C deficiency
differentiate TTP and DIC with labs
Pt with TTP will have normal coagulation studies, DIC will have abnormal
