March '22 Flashcards

1
Q

which gastric hormone is hypersecreted, resulting in PUD and pruritus, a common complication of polycythemia vera?

A

histamine

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2
Q

tx of minor bleeding in hemophilia A?

A

topical thrombin

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3
Q

what test will be abnormal in hemophilia B?

A

a PTT

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4
Q

what side effect can patient’s with hemophilia B and inhibitors experience if given factor replacement?

A

anaphylaxis

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5
Q

when does the nadir in the absolute neutrophil count occur after the completion of a chemotherapy session?

A

5-14 days

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6
Q

MCC of drug induced neutropenia in children?

A

due to abx - macrolides, cephalosporins, and penicillins

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7
Q

hyperdense lines at the metaphyses in young children on knee and wrist XR

A

lead lines - chronic lead poisoning

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8
Q

when are hypersegmented neutrophils seen?

A

multiple forms of megaloblastic anemia such as alcohol use, folate deficiency, and vitamin B12 deficiency

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9
Q

microcytic, hypochromic anemia in patient of mediterranean descent

A

thalassemia

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10
Q

crew cut skull XR, chipmunk facies

A

beta thalassemia major

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11
Q

antibiotic best known for causing aplastic anemia

A

chloramphenicol

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12
Q

stable patient getting hives and pruritis shortly after starting blood transfusion - treatment?

A

continue transfusion - give antihistamine as this is likely allergic reaction, unlikely IgA deficiency

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13
Q

Labs of DIC

A

high PT, PTT, thrombin clotting time

low platelets, fibrinogen

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14
Q

acute GI bleed and pt on warfarin - next step?

A

Vit K IV, + FFP

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15
Q

MC gram negative pathogen identified in neutropenic fever?

A

pseudomonas

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16
Q

what are the components of cryoprecipitate?

A

Factors VIII and XIII, vWF, fibrinogen, and fibronectin

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17
Q

lab findings of pleural effusions associated with rheumatoid arthritis

A

low glucose, low pH, and high LDH

18
Q

serum blood test that helps determine the degree of hemolysis

A

haptoglobin

19
Q

electrolyte imbalances caused by blood transfusions

A

hypocalcemia - citrate, an anticoag in RBCs binds serum calcium
hyperK or hypoK

20
Q

classic chest XR findings seen in sarcoidosis?

A

bilateral hilar and paratracheal adenopathy

21
Q

T cell activation such as in contact dermatitis is what hypersensitivity reaction?

A

type IV - delayed cell mediated

22
Q

what skin condition can be accompanied by oil spots on the nails?

23
Q

factors contained in 4 factor prothrombin complex concentrate?

A

factors II, VII, IX, and X in addition to protein C and S

24
Q

beta thalassemia major is associated with what other condition?

A

cholelithiasis

25
positive direct antiglobulin testing is concerning for
hemolytic transfusion reaction
26
diagnosis of acute chest syndrome requires
XR evidence of a consolidation plus fever or respiratory findings
27
MC infectious organism that is also a trigger for SJS and TEN?
mycoplasma pneumonia
28
what leukemia puts patients at highest risk for severe complications from hyperleukocytosis?
AML
29
MC risk factor for new onset childhood immune thrombocytopenia?
viral infection
30
emergent reversal of dabigatran?
idarucizumab
31
risk factors for polyarteritis nodosa?
recent hep B or C infection, IV drug use
32
treatment of polyarteritis nodosa?
glucocorticoids, such as prednisone, more severe cases need cyclophosphamide if concerning for viral hepatitis, antivirals are first line therapy
32
treatment of polyarteritis nodosa?
glucocorticoids, such as prednisone, more severe cases need cyclophosphamide if concerning for viral hepatitis, antivirals are first line therapy
33
RDW in Fe deficiency anemia?
high
34
elevated serum ACE level found in what?
sarcoidosis - noncaseating granulomas with the lung being the most commonly affected organ
35
drug most associated with aplastic anemia?
phenytoin
36
subtype of endocarditis associated with SLE?
libman sacks endocarditis - aseptic verrucous thrombi on heart valves
37
MC immunoglobulin found in multiple myeloma?
IgG
38
disorder associated with purpura fulminans?
inherited or acquired protein C deficiency
39
differentiate TTP and DIC with labs
Pt with TTP will have normal coagulation studies, DIC will have abnormal