Jan' 22 Flashcards
which organisms are commonly found in TOA?
polymicro - E. coli, aerobic streptococci, and bacteroides
abx to treat TOA
cefotetan + doxy, OR cefoxitin + doxy
strongest risk factor for postpartum endometritis?
C section
first step in placenta previa?
obtain IV access for possible resus
DKA hold insulin if…
K <3.3
what is the underlying pathophys of the cyclic edema associated with premenstrual syndrome?
alterations in RAAS, altered antidiuretic hormone function
MCC of hyperkalemia in the ED?
extravascular hemolysis
pH imbalance from diarrhea and vomiting
diarrhea causes a non anion gap metabolic acidosis; vomiting causes a metabolic alkalosis
Causes of hyponatremia with fluid overload, Urine Na <20 v Urine Na >20
<20 - CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome
>20 kidney failure ie drugs, hypertensive nephropathy
….. results in euvolemic hyponatremia with urine osmolality greater than serum osmolality
SIADH (no fluid overload, increased water is intracellular, not intravascular)
What causes hypovolemic hyponatremia with elevated urine sodium >20?
thiazide diuretics, osmotic diuresis, nephropathy, or mineralocorticoid deficiency
besides wernicke karsakoff, what other clinical entity is associated with thiamine deficiency?
wet beri beri, high output cardiac failure
complications of molar pregnancy?
preeclampsia, hyperthyroidism
MCC of vaginal bleeding beyond 20 weeks gestation?
abruptio placenta
ekg changes with hyperparathyroidism
hypercalcemia - shortened QT and osborn J waves
dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia
pellagra, niacin deficiency
sore tongue, bilateral lower extremity numbness, difficulty walking, hx of celiac sprue
B12 deficiency, macrocytic anemia
giving IV calcium can cause dysrrhythmia in patients who take
digitalis
what beta hcg would you expect to see a gestational sac on US?
1500-2000
when is pregnancy protective of PID?
12 weeks
thoracic endomeriosis can cause what
recurrent ptx - catamenial ptx
labs related with hyperemesis gravidarum
dehydration - hypok, ketonuria
low TSH, elevated LFTs
getting shots for fertility, became unstable, abdominal pain etc… what to do
hyperstimulation of ovaries. replete fluids, correct electrolytes, contact ob
definition of moderate variability on a fetal heart tracing
fluctuations in baseline of fetal heart rate 6-25 bpm
what is second stage of labor timing?
from full dilation of cervix to delivery of baby
