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.RoshReview > Aug '21 > Flashcards

Aug '21 Flashcards

1
Q

3 drugs that cause decreased effect of adenosine

A

methylxanthines

theophylline

caffiene

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2
Q

3 drugs that may require decrease of adenosine dose

A

carbamazepine

dipyridamole

cardiac transplant

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3
Q

COPD exacerbation indication for ICU admission?

A

worsening hypercapnia with interventions

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4
Q

tx for pertussis?

A

macrolide abx (erytho, clarithro, azithro)

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5
Q

ways to reduce SIDS

A

no smoking in home, offer pacifier at nap and bed time, supine sleep, avoid excessive bundling or bedding

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6
Q

treatment of stable VT

A

amio 150

procainamide

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7
Q

asthma medications in prego pt

A

use all the same, same aggressiveness as meds are relatively safe

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8
Q

what happens to tidal volume and functional residual capacity during pregnancy

A

tidal volume increases eventually, FRC decreases

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9
Q

MC pulmonary problem in pregnancy?

A

asthma

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10
Q

what tissue has the highest conductive capacity

A

nerves

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11
Q

what cardiac drug is contraindicated in infants?

A

CCB, due to decreased ca reserve in sarcoplasmic retic

cause hypotension

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12
Q

MC significant dysrhythmia in peds?

A

SVT

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13
Q

several weeks of cough, fever, pleurtic chest pain, weight loss, night sweats

A

lung abscess

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14
Q

MCC of lung abscess?

A

aspiration pneumonia

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15
Q

what causes artifical widening of the retropharyngeal space on XR?

A

body rotation, neutral or flexion of neck, expiration

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16
Q

upper limit of normal for retropharyngeal space on XR of peds pt at C6?

A

14 mm

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17
Q

abx for epiglottitis

A

3rd gen cephalosporin and vanc

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18
Q

narrowest area of peds airway

A

cricoid ring

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19
Q

3 possible etiologies of MAT

A

COPD, hypoxia, pulm htn

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20
Q

difference between wandering pacemaker and MAT

A

wandering will be <100 bpm, MAT >100 bpm

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21
Q

MC associated complication of mitral valve stenosis

A

afib

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22
Q

percentage of kids with untreated kawaski disease who go on to have coronary artery aneurysms?

A

15-25%

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23
Q

Drugs that can be delivered via ET tube in peds

A

Lidocaine

Atropine

Naloxone

Epi

24
Q

compression to ventilation ratio in a newborn

A

30:1

90 compressions and 30 breaths per minute

25
Q

MC source of arterial emboli

A

cardiac thrombus from Afib

26
Q

arterial occlusion with what symptom requires emergent surgery?

A

paralysis

27
Q

MC complication of rubella infection?

A

arthritis and arthropathies

28
Q

what is normal PR length

A

120-200 ms

29
Q

radiographic evidence of alveolar fluid accumulation without hemodynamic evidence of a cardiogenic etiology

A

noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

30
Q

headache, fever, focal neuro ssx, no meningismus

A

possible subdural empyema

31
Q

abx for brain abscess from sinusitis?

A

IV metronidazole and ceftriaxone, +/- vanc

32
Q

complication of basilar skull fx

A

cranial nerve palsys 2-3 days after and bacterial meningitis

33
Q

IM epi dose for peds anaphylaxis

A

epi 0.1mg/mL, 0.01 mL/kg

34
Q

risk of untreated fever in kid?

A

dehydration

35
Q

treatment of PJP/PCP pneumonia

A

bactrim and prednisone

36
Q

XR finding of PCP pneumonia

A

batwing appearance

37
Q

At what CD4 count should patients with HIV begin prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jiroveci?

A

200

38
Q

kid with croup. gets epi. improves.. what next?

A

observed in ED for three hours - symptoms often return between 2-3 hours of nebs. 2 or more tx then should be admitted

39
Q

if oxygen is required at 28 days after birth or 36 weeks post-menstrual age then consideration for dx of

A

bronchopulmonary dysplasia

40
Q

common XR findings in pts with mild to moderate bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

A

low lung volumes with diffuse haziness and a coarse interstitial pattern

41
Q

pattern of abnormal T waves in the precordial leads, V2 and V3, that is associated with a high grade stenosis of teh left anterior descending artery

A

Wellen’s syndrome

42
Q

differentiate on EKG between orthodromic and antidromic WPW

A

ortho - regular and narrow complex tach looks like AVNRT

anti- regular wide complex looks like VT

43
Q

what are the three stages of ARDS?

A

exudative, fibroproliferative, and fibrotic

44
Q

complication of untreated retropharyngeal abscess?

A

mediastinitis

45
Q

optimal positioning and timing for a lateral XR of the neck?

A

during inspiration with neck extended

46
Q

treatment of pleurisy

A

indomethacin

47
Q

tx of acute hypertensive emergency

A

mainstay of therapy is vasodilators, predominantly nitrates

48
Q

How does an infected pseudoaneurysm present?

A

fever, tender pulsatile mass in pt with IV drug use hx

49
Q

best sonographic view to assess for cardiac wall motion abnormalities?

A

parasternal short axis

50
Q

gold standard dx of myocarditis?

A

endomyocardial biopsy

51
Q

tx of CAP

A

in healthy patients - high dose amox

doxy or a macrolide if local resistance is less than 25%

COPD or heart dz - amox clauv or cephalosporin plus macrolide or doxy

52
Q

kid cuffed ETT size

A

age/4 + 3.5

53
Q

uncuffed kid ETT size?

A

age/4 +4

54
Q

silo fillers disease

A

nitrogen dioxide pneumonitis

55
Q

inhalation of chlorine gas causes lung injury as a result of the formation of what toxic chemicals?

A

hydrochloric and hypochlorus acids

56
Q

triad of hypoxemia, neurologic abnormalities, and petechial rash

A

fat embolism syndrome

.RoshReview (11 decks)

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