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HE340 - Anatomy II > March 19 > Flashcards

March 19 Flashcards

1
Q

Where are sperm made? Where are sperm stored?

A
  • Made = seminiferous tubules

- Stored = epididymis

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2
Q

Where does the ductus deferens begin?

A

Epididymis

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3
Q

In which structure does the ductus deferens travel to reach the pelvis. Through which canal does this structure pass?

A
  • Through the prostate to open into the prostatic part of the urethra
  • Canal =
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4
Q

Which structure does the ductus deferens join at its end?

A

The ampulla of the ductus deferens joins the duct of the seminal gland

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5
Q

What is the name of the enlargement of the ductus deferens?

A

Ampulla (vile)

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6
Q

What is the relationship of the ductus deferens to the bladder?

A

Ductus deferens lies superior to the bladder

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7
Q

Which arteries supply the ductus deferens and which artery do they anastomose with?

A

Either superior vesicle or inferior vesical artery eventually anastomosing with the testicular artery

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8
Q

Which lymphatic nodes drain the ductus deferens?

A

External iliac lymph nodes

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9
Q

Where are the seminal glands located? What is their relationship to the prostate?

A
  • Located between the fundus of the bladder and the rectum

- Located superior to the prostate

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10
Q

What percentage of fluid from the seminal glands makes up the semen?

A

65-75%

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11
Q

Which arteries supply the seminal glands?

A

Inferior vesical and the middle rectal arteries

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12
Q

Which veins drain the seminal glands?

A

Inferior vesical and the middle rectal veins

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13
Q

Which node does the superior seminal gland drain into?

A

Drains into the external iliac nodes

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14
Q

Which node does the inferior seminal gland drain into?

A

Inferior iliac node

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15
Q

Where is the ejaculatory duct located?

A

Near the neck of the bladder

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16
Q

What is their direction of passage through the prostate? In which part of the prostate is it found?

A

Pass through antero-inferiorly through the posterior part of the prostate

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17
Q

Which arteries supply the ejaculatory duct? Which artery does it most typically arise from? Which artery does it less typically arise from?

A
  • Arteries to the ductus deferens

- Usually arise from superior vesical artery but sometimes from the inferior vesical artery

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18
Q

Which structures drain the ejaculatory duct?

A
  • Veins join prostatic and vesicle venous plexuses
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19
Q

Which lymph nodes drain the ejaculatory duct?

A

External iliac lymph nodes

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20
Q

Which structure does the prostate surround?

A

Prostatic urethra

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21
Q

What portion of the prostate is glandular? What portion of the prostate is fibromuscular?

A
  • Glandular = 2/3

- Fibromuscular = 1/3

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22
Q

What does the fibrous capsule of the prostate contain?

A

Venous and nervous plexus

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23
Q

Which structure is the base of the prostate related to?

A

Neck of the bladder

24
Q

Which structure is the apex of the prostate in contact with?

A

Fascia on the superior aspect of the urethral sphincter

25
Q

What does the anterior surface of the prostate composed of and which structure does if form a part of?

A
  • The anterior surface contains muscle fibers forming a rhadosphincter which is part of the urethral sphincter
  • Composed of muscle fibers
26
Q

Which structure is the posterior surface of the prostate related to?

A

Posterior of prostate is the furrow which is caused by the ampulla of the rectum

27
Q

Where is the isthmus located and which structure is it a superior continuation of?

A
  • Anterior to the prostatic urethra

- Superior continuation of the urethral sphincter

28
Q

How many lobes and lobules is the prostate divided into?

A

2 lobes (right and left) further subdivided into:

  • Superficial inferoposterior lobule
  • Superficial inferolateral lobule
  • Superomedial lobule
  • Anteromedial lobule

1 median lobe:

  • Peromedial lobule
  • Anteromedial lobule
29
Q

How are the lobules defined?

A

By their relationship to the urethra and the ejaculatory ducts

30
Q

Which lobule is palpated on the digital rectal exam and therefore, screened for prostate cancer?

A

Inferior posterior lobe

31
Q

What is the relationship of the inferoposterior lobule to the urethra and the ejaculatory ducts?

A
  • Posterior to urethra

- Inferior to ejaculatory ducts

32
Q

Which lobule forms the major part of the prostate?

A

Inferolateral lobule

33
Q

What is the relationship of the inferolateral lobule to the urethra?

A

Lateral to urethra

34
Q

Which lobule surrounds the ejaculatory duct?

A

Superomedial lobule

35
Q

Which lobule is deep to the inferoposterior lobule?

A

Superomedial lobule

36
Q

Which lobule is lateral to the proximal prostatic urethra?

A

Anteromedial lobule

37
Q

Which lobule is deep to the inferolateral lobule?

A

Anteromedial lobule

38
Q

Which lobules make up the median lobe?

A

Peromedial and anteromedial lobules

39
Q

Which lobe undergoes hormone-induced hypertrophy in advanced age?

A

Median lobe

40
Q

Which lobe is responsible for the uvula which projects into the internal urethral orifice?

A

Median Lobe

41
Q

Where and into which structure do the prostatic ducts open into?

A

Prostatic sinus receives opening of prostatic ducts

42
Q

Where is the seminal colliculus found?

A

Near the seminal vesicle

43
Q

Which percentage of semen comes from prostatic fluid?

A

15-30%

44
Q

Which arteries supply the prostate?

A
  • Inferior vesical arteries (most common variant)
  • Internal pudendal artery
  • Middle rectal artery
45
Q

Prostatic arteries are branches of which artery?

A

Branches of internal iliac artery

46
Q

What are the two possible pathways of venous drainage of the prostate?

A

Prostatic venous plexus draining into the internal iliac veins OR into the vesical venous plexus then to the internal vertebral venous plexus

47
Q

What are the nodes that lymph from the prostate drains into?

A

External iliac lymph nodes

48
Q

What is the landmark close to the seminal glands?

A
  • Between the fundus of bladder and rectum

- Located superior to prostate

49
Q

Which structure are the bulbo-urethral glands close to and what is their relationship?

A

Lie posterio-lateral to intermediate urethra

50
Q

The bulbo-urethral glands are embedded within which structure?

A

Embedded within external urethral sphincter

51
Q

The ducts of the bulbo-urethral glands open into which structure?

A

Ducts open into proximal part of the spongy urethra

52
Q

Which proportion of semen comes from the bulbo-urethral glands?

A

1%

53
Q

Describe the sympathetic innervation of the male reproductive organs.

A

Sympathetic trunk (L1, L2) -> Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves -> Superior/Inferior Hypogastric Pelvic Plexuses

54
Q

Describe the parasympathetic innervations of the male reproductive organs

A

S2, S3, S4 -> Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve -> Inferior Hypogastric and Prostate Plexuses

55
Q

What is the sympathetic function? What is the parasympathetic function?

A
  • Sympathetic = ejaculation

- Parasympathetic = erection

HE340 - Anatomy II (10 decks)

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