Mapping the Earth

Question 1

Latitude

Answer 1

Called parallels, imaginary lines that trend from east to west, which are measured north and south of the equator as an angle from the center of the earth,

Question 2

Name the Latitude Special Numbers

Answer 2

0° = Equator, 90° North = North Pole, 90° South = South Pole, 23 1/2° North = Tropic of Cancer, 23 1/2° South = Tropic of Capricorn, 66 1/2° North = Arctic circle, 66 1/2° South = Antarctic circle

Question 3

Longitude

Answer 3

Called meridians, imaginary lines that tred from north to south, measured east and west of the prime Meridian as an angle from center of the earth

Question 4

Name the Longitude Special Numbers

Answer 4

0° = Prime Meridian (trends through Greenwich England and established in 1884), 180° = International Date Line.

Question 5

Contour lines

Answer 5

imaginary lines on the earth’s surface connecting points of equal elevation.

Question 6

Rules of Contour lines

Answer 6

Closed, never cross except whenat overhanging walls, show a “V” pattern in presence of stream, pointing up stream at the apex, widely spaced = gentle slope, closely spaced = steep slopes, closed circular or oval = ridge or hill, closed circular with hachures = depression, Specific elevations show an “X” also called a benchmark, Every 5th contour = index contour and is bolder than the rest,

Question 7

Contour interval

Answer 7

Distance between adjacent contour lines

Question 8

Relief

Answer 8

Distance between two elevations

Question 9

North Arrow

Answer 9

True North - geographic north, Magnetic North - compass direction as a result of Earth’s magnetic field, Magnetic
Declination- angle between true north and magnetic north.

Question 10

Scale (three types) - fractional scale

Answer 10

Fixed ratio, example - 1:24,000

Question 11

Scale (three types) - graphical scale

Answer 11

Line or bar

Question 12

Scale (three types) - Verbal scale

Answer 12

statement, 1 inch equals 1 mile

Question 13

Where is the location on a map?

Answer 13

The location is writing in the title, it is written as a rectangle withtin it’s state image.

Question 14

Where is the latitude and longitude on a map?

Answer 14

Latitude and longitude shown in corners (center of numbers always aligned with respective coordinate)

Question 15

Features - Topography

Answer 15

Are printed in brown and are called contour lines.

Question 16

Features - Water features

Answer 16

Are printed in blue and include oceans, lakes, streams, ponds, canals, etc.

Question 17

Features - Vegetation

Answer 17

Are printed in green and include forests, woodlands, etc.

Question 18

Features - Cultures

Answer 18

Are printed in black and include roads, railroads, buildings, land boundaries, etc.

Question 19

Features - Other Artificial Features

Answer 19

Are printed in red and include major roads, land boundaries, coordinates, etc.

Question 20

Features - Revisions

Answer 20

Are printed in purple (mostly) or in peach and include newly added features to a previously published map.

Question 21

What is a map scale?

Answer 21

A map scale is the ratio between distances on a map and actual distances on the surface of Earth.

Question 22

What is cartography?

Answer 22

The science of map making.

Question 23

How much is each degree of latitude equal to?

Answer 23

A degree of latitude is equal to about 111 km on earth.

Question 24

What is the circumference of Earth?

Answer 24

The circumference of Earth is about 40,000 km.

Question 25

Why is Earth divided into 24 times zones?

Answer 25

Earth takes 24 hours to rotate, which is why there are 24 time zones.

Question 26

How wide is each time zone?

Answer 26

Each time zone is 15 degrees wide.

Question 27

What is a topographic map?

Answer 27

Are detailed maps that show hills and valley’s of an area. In addition, they show changes in elevation of Earth’s surface.

Question 28

What are hachures?

Answer 28

Are short lines at right angles to the contour line, to indicate depressions.